---

---

---

---

•

Organic Growth.  Our organic growth strategy focuses on more deeply penetrating our markets through our community-focused, relationship-driven approach to banking. We believe that our current market area provides abundant opportunities to continue to grow our customer base, increase loans and deposits and expand our overall market share. Our team of seasoned bankers are an important driver of our organic growth by further developing banking relationships with current and potential customers, many of which span more than 20 years. Our market presidents and relationship managers are incentivized to increase the size of their loan and deposit portfolios and generate fee income while maintaining strong credit quality. We expect continued success adding to our team of experienced bankers in order to grow our market presence. Preserving sound credit underwriting standards as we grow our loan portfolio will continue to be the foundation of our organic growth strategy.

•

Acquisitions.  We intend to continue to grow through acquisitions. We believe that there are banking organizations in our market area that face significant scale and operational challenges, regulatory pressure, management succession issues and shareholder liquidity needs, which we believe will present attractive acquisition opportunities for us in the future. We believe we have developed an experienced and disciplined acquisition and integration approach capable of identifying candidates, conducting thorough due diligence, determining financial attractiveness and integrating the acquired institution. Utilizing the prior experience of our management team at financial institutions, we believe that we have built a corporate infrastructure capable of supporting additional acquisitions and continued organic growth. We believe our acquisition experience and our reputation as a successful acquirer position us to capitalize on additional opportunities in the future.

•

Improve Operational Efficiency and Increase Profitability.  We are committed to maintaining and enhancing profitability. We employ a systematic and calculated approach to improving our operational efficiency, which in turn we believe increases our profitability. We believe that our scalable infrastructure and efficient operating platform will allow us to achieve continued growth without incurring significant incremental noninterest expenses and will enhance our returns.

---

•

Continue to Build Our Community Ties.  Our officers and employees are heavily involved in civic and community organizations, and we sponsor numerous activities that benefit our community. Our business development strategy, which focuses on building market share through personal relationships, as opposed to formal advertising, is consistent with our customer-centric culture and is a cost-effective approach to developing new relationships and enhancing existing ones.

---

---

•	require affirmative actions to correct any violation or practice;

•	issue administrative orders that can be judicially enforced;

•	direct increases in capital;

•	direct the sale of subsidiaries or other assets;

•	limit dividends and distributions;

•	restrict growth;

•	assess civil monetary penalties;

•	remove officers and directors; and

•	terminate deposit insurance

---

•

Source of strength.  Under Federal Reserve policy, bank holding companies have historically been required to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to each of their banking subsidiaries, and the Dodd-Frank Act codified this policy as a statutory requirement. As a result of this requirement, in the future we could be required to provide financial assistance to the Bank should it experience financial distress and in circumstances in which we might not otherwise do so.

•

Mortgage loan origination. The Dodd-Frank Act authorized the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”) to establish certain minimum standards for the origination of residential mortgages, including a determination of the borrower’s ability to repay a residential mortgage loan. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, financial institutions may not make a residential mortgage loan unless they make a “reasonable and good faith determination” that the consumer has a “reasonable ability” to repay the loan. The Dodd-Frank Act allows borrowers to raise certain defenses to foreclosure but provides a full or partial safe harbor from such defenses for loans that are “qualified mortgages.” The CFPB has promulgated final rules to, among other things, specify the types of income and assets that may be considered in the ability to repay determination, the permissible sources for verification and the required methods of calculating the loan’s monthly payments. The rules extend the requirement that creditors verify and document a borrower’s income and assets to include all information that creditors rely on in determining repayment ability. The rules also provide further examples of third party documents that may be relied on for such verification, such as government records and check cashing or funds transfer service receipts. The rules set conditions for “qualified mortgages,” including underwriting standards-for example, a borrower’s debt to income ratio may not exceed 43%-and limits on the terms of their loans. Points and fees are subject to a relatively stringent cap, and are defined to include a wide array of payments that may be made in the course of closing a loan. Certain loans, including interest only loans and negative amortization loans, cannot be qualified mortgages.

•

Risk retention. The Federal Reserve, together with the FDIC, the SEC, the Federal Housing Finance Agency and the Department of Housing and Urban Development issued a final rule in 2014 to implement the risk retention requirement mandated by Section 941 of the Dodd-Frank Act. The risk retention requirement generally requires a securitizer to retain no less than 5% of the credit risk in assets it sells into a securitization and prohibits a securitizer from directly or indirectly hedging or otherwise transferring the credit risk that the securitizer is required to retain, subject to limited exemptions. One significant exemption is for securities entirely collateralized by “qualified residential mortgages” (“QRMs”), which are loans deemed to have a lower risk of default. The rule defines QRMs to have the same meaning as the term “qualified mortgage,” as defined by the CFPB. In addition, the rule provides for reduced risk retention requirements for qualifying securitizations of commercial loans, commercial real estate loans and auto loans.

•

Imposition of restrictions on swaps activities. The Dodd-Frank Act imposes a new regulatory structure on the over-the-counter derivatives market, including requirements for clearing, exchange trading, capital, margin, reporting and record keeping. This framework covers any person required to register as a “major swap participant,” “swap dealer,” “major security-based swap participant” or a “security-based swap dealer.” We are treated as an end user and are not subject directly to many of these requirements, but the requirements may affect the nature of the business we conduct with persons required to register.

---

•

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The Dodd-Frank Act created the CFPB, which is tasked with establishing and implementing rules and regulations under certain federal consumer protection laws with respect to the conduct of providers of certain consumer financial products and services. The CFPB has rulemaking authority over many of the statutes governing products and services offered to bank and thrift consumers. For banking organizations with assets of $10 billion or more, the CFPB has exclusive rule-making, examination, and primary enforcement authority under federal consumer financial laws.  In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act permits states to adopt consumer protection laws and regulations that are stricter than those regulations promulgated by the CFPB. Compliance with any such new regulations would increase our cost of operations. With the recent change in leadership at the CFPB, the agency has released a new strategic plan and published formal requests for information on possible changes to its general supervisory program and its enforcement program. Taken together, these developments suggest that the CFPB may be taking a different approach to its implementation of consumer financial protection laws, but the agency has not proposed specific changes to its regulations.

•

Deposit insurance. The Dodd-Frank Act made permanent the general $250,000 deposit insurance limit for insured deposits. Amendments to the FDIA also revised the assessment base against which an insured depository institution’s deposit insurance premiums paid to the FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund will be calculated. Under the amendments, the assessment base is no longer the institution’s deposit base, but rather its average consolidated total assets less its average tangible equity. Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act made changes to the minimum designated reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund, increasing the minimum from 1.15% to 1.35% of the estimated amount of total insured deposits, and eliminating the requirement that the FDIC pay dividends to depository institutions when the reserve ratio exceeds certain thresholds. For a discussion of the assessments the Bank pays to the FDIC, see “Deposit Insurance and Deposit Insurance Assessments” below.

•

Transactions with affiliates and insiders. The Dodd-Frank Act generally enhanced the restrictions on transactions with affiliates under Section 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act, including an expansion of the definition of “covered transactions” and clarification regarding the amount of time for which collateral requirements regarding covered credit transactions must be satisfied. Insider transaction limitations were expanded through the strengthening of loan restrictions to insiders and the expansion of the types of transactions subject to the various limits, including derivatives transactions, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements and securities lending or borrowing transactions.

•

Corporate governance. The Dodd-Frank Act addresses many investor protections, corporate governance and executive compensation matters that will affect most U.S. publicly traded companies, including the Company. The Dodd-Frank Act: (i) grants shareholders of U.S. publicly traded companies an advisory vote on executive compensation, (ii) enhances independence requirements for compensation committee members, (iii) requires companies listed on national securities exchanges to adopt incentive-based compensation clawback policies for executive officers and (iv) provides the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) with authority to adopt proxy access rules that would allow shareholders of publicly traded companies to nominate candidates for election as a director and have those nominees included in a company’s proxy materials. For so long as we are an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of the provisions of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, (the “JOBS Act”), allowing us to not seek a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements.

---

---

---

---

---

---

•	Truth in Lending Act;

•	Truth in Savings Act;

•	Electronic Funds Transfer Act;

•	Expedited Funds Availability Act;

•	Equal Credit Opportunity Act;

•	Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act;

•	Fair Housing Act;

•	Fair Credit Reporting Act;

•	Fair Debt Collection Act;

•	The GLB Act;

•	Home Mortgage Disclosure Act;

•	Right to Financial Privacy Act;

•	Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act;

---

•	Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act and section 1031 of the Dodd-Frank Act protecting against unfair, deceptive or abusive acts and practices; and

•	state usury laws.

---

---

•	increases in loan delinquencies;

•	increases in nonperforming assets and foreclosures;

•	decreases in demand for Veritex’s products and services, which could adversely affect its liquidity position; and

•	decreases in the value of the collateral securing Veritex’s loans, especially real estate, which could reduce customers’ borrowing power and repayment ability

---

---

•	finding suitable candidates for acquisition;

•	attracting funding to support additional growth within acceptable risk tolerances;

•	maintaining asset quality;

•	retaining customers and key personnel, including bankers;

•	obtaining necessary regulatory approvals, which Veritex may have difficulty obtaining or be unable to obtain;

•	conducting adequate due diligence and managing known and unknown risks and uncertainties;

•	integrating acquired businesses; and

•	maintaining adequate regulatory capital

---

---

---

---

---

•	the ability to develop, maintain and build long‑term customer relationships based on top quality service, high ethical standards and safe, sound assets;

•	the scope, relevance and pricing of products and services offered to meet customer needs and demands;

•	the rate at which Veritex introduces new products and services relative to its competitors;

•	customer satisfaction with Veritex’s level of service;

•	the ability to expand Veritex’s market position; and

•	industry and general economic trends.

---

---

---

---

---

---

•	Veritex’s quarterly or annual earnings, or those of other companies in its industry;

•	actual or anticipated fluctuations in Veritex’s operating results;

•	changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;

•	the public reaction to Veritex’s press releases, its other public announcements and its filings with the SEC;

•	announcements by Veritex or its competitors of significant acquisitions, dispositions, innovations or new programs and services;

•	changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts that cover Veritex’s common stock or the failure of securities analysts to cover Veritex’s common stock;

•	changes in earnings estimates by securities analysts or Veritex’s ability to meet those estimates;

•	the operating and stock price performance of other comparable companies;

•	general economic conditions and overall market fluctuations;

•	the trading volume of Veritex’s common stock;

•	changes in business, legal or regulatory conditions, or other developments affecting participants in Veritex’s industry, and publicity regarding its business or any of its significant customers or competitors;

•	changes in governmental monetary policies, including the policies of the Federal Reserve;

•	future sales of Veritex’s common stock by Veritex or its directors, executive officers or significant shareholders; and

•	changes in economic conditions in and political conditions affecting Veritex’s target markets.

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

(1)

Total loans does not include loans held for sale and deferred fees. Loans held for sale were $0.8 million as of December 31, 2017, $5.2 million as of December 31, 2016,  $2.8 million as of December 31, 2015, $8.9 million as of December 31, 2014 and $2.1 million as of December 31, 2013. Deferred fees were $28 thousand as of December 31, 2017, $55 thousand of December 31, 2016, $62 thousand as of December 31, 2015, $51 thousand as of December 31, 2014 and $94 thousand as of December 31, 2013.

(2)	We calculate book value per common share as stockholders’ equity less preferred stock at the end of the relevant period divided by the outstanding number of shares of our common stock at the end of the relevant period.

(3)

We calculate tangible book value per common share as total stockholders’ equity less preferred stock, goodwill, and intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization at the end of the relevant period, divided by the outstanding number of shares of our common stock at the end of the relevant period. Tangible book value per common share is a non-GAAP financial measure, and, as we calculate tangible book value per common share, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is total stockholders’ equity per common share. See our reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

(4)

Except as otherwise indicated in this footnote, we calculate our average assets and average equity for a period by dividing the sum of our total assets or total stockholders’ equity, as the case may be, as of the close of business on each day in the relevant period, by the number of days in the period. We have calculated our return on average assets and return on average equity for a period by dividing net income for that period by our average assets and average equity, as the case may be, for that period.

(5)	Net interest margin represents net interest income, annualized on a fully tax equivalent basis, divided by average interest-earning assets.

(6)	Efficiency ratio represents noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income.

(7)

We calculate tangible common equity as total stockholders’ equity less preferred stock, goodwill, and intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, and we calculate tangible assets as total assets less goodwill and intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization. Tangible common equity to tangible assets is a non-GAAP financial measure, and, as we calculate tangible common equity to tangible assets, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is total stockholders’ equity to total assets. See our reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

---

•	Continued emphasis on credit quality and relationship banking.

•	Continue to leverage our strong capital through accretive organic growth and merger and acquisition opportunities.

•	Continued meaningful costs savings from the recent acquisitions of Sovereign and Liberty, the consolidation of our back office functions into one operations center and the sale of our two non-core Austin branches on January 1, 2018.

•	Net interest income higher, reflecting full-year benefits from the 2017 rate increases and loan growth.

•	Net charge-offs to remain low, with continued solid performance of the overall loan portfolio.

•

Income tax expense to approximate 21% of pre-tax income reflecting the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) excluding discrete tax impact from the re-measurement of deferred taxes upon finalization of the provisional estimates for certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Sovereign and Liberty acquisitions as well as discrete tax impact from deferred employee stock transactions.

---

---

(1)	Includes average outstanding balances of loans held for sale of $2,493, and $5,078 and deferred loan fees of $19 and $54 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(2)	Net interest rate spread is the average yield on interest-earning assets minus the average rate on interest-bearing liabilities.

(3)	Net interest margin is equal to net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

(4)	Includes average outstanding balances of branch assets and liabilities held for sale in total loans, noninterest-bearing assets, interest-bearing deposits, noninterest-bearing deposits and other liabilities.

---

---

---

---

---

---

(1)	Includes average outstanding balances of loans held for sale of $5,078, and $3,134 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(2)	Net interest rate spread is the average yield on interest-earning assets minus the average rate on interest-bearing liabilities.

(3)	Net interest margin is equal to net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

•	for commercial and industrial loans, the operating results of the commercial, industrial or professional enterprise, the borrower’s business, professional and financial ability and expertise, the specific risks and volatility of income and operating results typical for businesses in that category and the value, nature and marketability of collateral;

•

for commercial mortgage loans and multifamily residential loans, the debt service coverage ratio (income from the property in excess of operating expenses compared to loan payment requirements), operating results of the owner in the case of owner occupied properties, the loan to value ratio, the age and condition of the collateral and the volatility of income, property value and future operating results typical of properties of that type;

•	for 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan, including a consideration of the debt to income ratio and employment and income stability, the loan to value ratio, and the age, condition and marketability of the collateral; and

•	for construction, land development and other land loans, the perceived feasibility of the project including the ability to sell developed lots or improvements constructed for resale or the ability to lease property constructed for lease, the quality and nature of contracts for presale or prelease, if any, experience and ability of the developer and loan to value ratio.

---

(1)	Excluding loans held for sale and deferred loan fees.

---

(1)	In 2013, allowance for loan loss related to farmland was included in the construction and land category.

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

•	Tangible common equity is defined as total stockholders’ equity less goodwill and other intangible assets

•	Tangible assets is defined as total assets less goodwill and other intangible assets

•	Tangible common equity to tangible assets is a ratio that is determined by dividing tangible common equity by tangible assets

•	Tangible book value per common share is determined by dividing tangible common equity by common shares outstanding

•	Core net interest income adjusts net interest income as determined in accordance with GAAP to exclude income recognized on acquired loans

•	Core noninterest expense adjusts noninterest expense as determined in accordance with GAAP to exclude merger and acquisition costs

•	Core income tax expense adjusts income tax expense as determined in accordance with GAAP to exclude the tax impact of the adjustments to core net interest income and core noninterest expense, the re-measurement of our deferred tax asset as a result of the Tax Act and the tax impact of other M&A discrete items

•	Core net income adjusts net income as determined in accordance with GAAP to exclude the impact of income recognized on acquired loans, merger and acquisition costs and the tax impact of the adjustments to core net interest income and core noninterest expense, exclude the re-measurement of our deferred tax asset as a result of the Tax Act and exclude the tax impact of other M&A discrete items

•	Core diluted earnings per share (EPS) divides (i) core net income by (ii) weighted average diluted shares of common stock outstanding for the applicable period

•	Core efficiency ratio is determined by dividing core noninterest expense by the sum of core net interest income and noninterest income

•	Core net interest margin is determined by dividing core net interest income by average interest bearing assets

(1)	Intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 include branch intangible assets held for sale of $1.7 million.

(2)	Excludes the dilutive effect, if any, of 514,000 and 454,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options as of December 31, 2017and 2016, respectively, and 152,000 and 147,000 shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of outstanding restricted stock units as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

---

---

---

•	risks related to the concentration of our business in Texas, and specifically within the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area, including risks associated with any downturn in the real estate sector and risks associated with a decline in the values of single family homes in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area;

•	uncertain market conditions and economic trends nationally, regionally and particularly in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and Texas;

•	changes in market interest rates that affect the pricing of our loans and deposits and our net interest income;

•	risks related to our strategic focus on lending to small to medium-sized businesses;

•	the sufficiency of the assumptions and estimates we make in establishing reserves for potential loan losses;

•	our ability to implement our growth strategy, including identifying and consummating suitable acquisitions;

•

risks related to the integration of any acquired businesses, including exposure to potential asset quality and credit quality risks and unknown or contingent liabilities, the time and costs associated with integrating systems, technology platforms, procedures and personnel, the need for additional capital to finance such transactions, and possible failures in realizing the anticipated benefits from acquisitions;

•	our ability to recruit and retain successful bankers that meet our expectations in terms of customer relationships and profitability;

•	our ability to retain executive officers and key employees and their customer and community relationships;

•	risks associated with our limited operating history and the relatively unseasoned nature of a significant portion of our loan portfolio;

•	risks associated with our commercial real estate and construction loan portfolios, including the risks inherent in the valuation of the collateral securing such loans;

•	risks associated with our commercial loan portfolio, including the risk for deterioration in value of the general business assets that generally secure such loans;

•	potential changes in the prices, values and sales volumes of commercial and residential real estate securing our real estate loans;

•	risks related to the significant amount of credit that we have extended to a limited number of borrowers and in a limited geographic area;

•	our ability to maintain adequate liquidity and to raise necessary capital to fund our acquisition strategy and operations or to meet increased minimum regulatory capital levels;

•	potential fluctuations in the market value and liquidity of our investment securities;

•	the effects of competition from a wide variety of local, regional, national and other providers of financial, investment and insurance services;

•	our ability to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting;

•	risks associated with fraudulent and negligent acts by our customers, employees or vendors;

•	our ability to keep pace with technological change or difficulties when implementing new technologies;

•	risks associated with difficulties and/or terminations with third-party service providers and the services they provide;

•	risks associated with system failures or failures to prevent breaches of our network security;

•	potential impairment on the goodwill we have recorded or may record in connection with business acquisitions;

•	our ability to comply with various governmental and regulatory requirements applicable to financial institutions;

•	the impact of recent and future legislative and regulatory changes, including changes in banking, securities and tax laws and regulations and their application by our regulators, such as the Dodd-Frank Act;

---

•	governmental monetary and fiscal policies, including the policies of the Federal Reserve;

•	our ability to comply with supervisory actions by federal and state banking agencies;

•	changes in the scope and cost of FDIC, insurance and other coverage; and

•	systemic risks associated with the soundness of other financial institutions

---

---

---

(a)	The following documents are filed as part of this report:

1.	Financial Statements:

2.	Financial Statement Schedules: All supplemental schedules to the consolidated financial statements have been omitted as inapplicable or because the required information is included in our consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

3.	Exhibits.

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

(1)	Subordinated notes are net of discount of $13 and $15 and issuance costs of $36 and $43 as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

1.	I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Veritex Holdings, Inc.;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

1.	I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Veritex Holdings, Inc.;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

1.	The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

1.	The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.