SEC Filing » Veritex Bank

View:

Download DOC

Download PDF

Download XLS

Download XBRL

vbtx-20210930

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


			FORM			10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 001-36682


			VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC.
			(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Texas		27-0973566
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. employer
incorporation or organization)		identification no.)

8214 Westchester Drive, Suite 800
Dallas,	Texas	75225
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)


			(972)			349-6200
			(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01

VBTX

Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 4, 2021, there were 49,296,416 outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES



		Page
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements – (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30 , 2021 and December 31, 2020	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30 , 2021 and 2020	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	9
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	46
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	74
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	75

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	77
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	77
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	77
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	77
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	78
Item 5.	Other Information	78
Item 6.	Exhibits	78
SIGNATURES		79

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020

(Dollars in thousands, except par value and share information)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	43,126	$	44,337
Interest bearing deposits in other banks	186,586		186,488
Total cash and cash equivalents	229,712		230,825
Debt securities available-for-sale, at fair value	1,048,488		1,024,329
Debt securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $57,470 and $34,283 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively)	55,257		30,872
Equity securities	15,273		14,938
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	103,692		—
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries	1,018		1,018
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas (“FHLB”) Stock and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) Stock	71,803		71,236
Total investments	1,295,531		1,142,393
Loans held for sale	18,896		21,414
Loans held for investment, Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans, carried at fair value	135,842		358,042
Loans held for investment, mortgage warehouse (“MW”)	615,045		577,594
Loans held for investment, excluding MW and PPP	6,615,905		5,847,862
Less: Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”)	(93,771)		(105,084)
Total loans held for investment, net	7,273,021		6,678,414
Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”)	83,781		82,855
Bank premises, furniture and equipment, net	116,063		115,063
Other real estate owned	—		2,337
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization	54,682		61,733
Goodwill	370,840		370,840
Other assets	129,774		114,997

Total assets	$	9,572,300	$	8,820,871
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	2,302,925	$	2,097,099
Interest-bearing transaction and savings deposits	3,228,306		2,958,456
Certificates and other time deposits	1,647,521		1,457,291
Total deposits	7,178,752		6,512,846
Accounts payable and other liabilities	66,571		61,928

Advances from FHLB	777,601		777,718
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	262,761		262,778
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	2,455		2,225

Total liabilities	8,288,140		7,617,495
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 8 and 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 55,867,122 and 55,500,118 shares issued at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively; 49,229,028 and 49,337,768 shares outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	559		555
Additional paid-in capital	1,137,889		1,126,437
Retained earnings	243,633		172,232
Accumulated other comprehensive income	69,661		56,225
Treasury stock, 6,638,094 and 6,162,350 shares at cost at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	(167,582)		(152,073)
Total stockholders’ equity	1,284,160		1,203,376
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	9,572,300	$	8,820,871

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest and dividend income:
Loans, including fees	$	71,139	$	68,685	$	206,352	$	216,986
Debt securities	7,613		7,852		22,579		23,074
Deposits in financial institutions and Fed Funds sold	130		65		424		1,122
Equity securities and other investments	898		827		2,233		2,568
Total interest and dividend income	79,780		77,429		231,588		243,750
Interest expense:
Transaction and savings deposits	1,588		2,105		5,229		11,128
Certificates and other time deposits	1,934		5,004		7,418		19,759
Advances from FHLB	1,848		2,707		5,489		8,387
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	3,134		1,743		9,410		5,444
Total interest expense	8,504		11,559		27,546		44,718
Net interest income	71,276		65,870		204,042		199,032
Provision for credit losses	—		8,692		—		56,640
(Benefit) provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments	(448)		1,447		(441)		8,127
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	71,724		55,731		204,483		134,265
Noninterest income:
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	4,484		3,130		11,960		9,732
Loan fees	1,746		1,787		4,910		5,027
(Loss) gain on sales of securities	(188)		(8)		(188)		2,871
Gain on sale of mortgage loans held for sale	407		472		1,299		922
Government guaranteed loan income, net	2,341		2,257		12,337		13,702
Equity method investment income	4,522		—		4,522		—
Other	2,315		2,157		7,415		6,078
Total noninterest income	15,627		9,795		42,255		38,332
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits	22,964		20,553		69,347		59,442
Occupancy and equipment	4,536		3,980		12,865		12,247
Professional and regulatory fees	3,401		3,159		9,928		8,151
Data processing and software expense	2,494		2,452		7,349		6,975
Marketing	1,151		1,062		3,901		2,706
Amortization of intangibles	2,509		2,840		7,563		8,232
Telephone and communications	380		345		1,054		972

COVID expenses	—		132		—		1,377
Other	3,886		1,885		10,628		11,912
Total noninterest expense	41,321		36,408		122,635		112,014
Income before income tax expense	46,030		29,118		124,103		60,583
Income tax expense	9,195		6,198		26,025		9,501
Net income	$	36,835	$	22,920	$	98,078	$	51,082


Basic earnings per share	$	0.75	$	0.46	$	1.98	$	1.02
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.73	$	0.46	$	1.95	$	1.02

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net income	$	36,835	$	22,920	$	98,078	$	51,082
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized (losses) gains on securities available-for-sale:
Change in net unrealized (losses) gains on securities available-for-sale during the period, net	(6,886)		2,400		(16,020)		35,660
Reclassification adjustment for net losses (gains) included in net income	188		—		188		(2,879)
Net unrealized (losses) gains on securities available-for-sale	(6,698)		2,400		(15,832)		32,781

Net unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges	(2,831)		4,105		32,841		3,170

Other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax	(9,529)		6,505		17,009		35,951
Income tax (benefit) expense	(2,001)		1,364		3,573		7,857
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(7,528)		5,141		13,436		28,094
Comprehensive income	$	29,307	$	28,061	$	111,514	$	79,176

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)



Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Total
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
Balance at June 30, 2021	49,498,295	$	558	6,309,972	$	(156,147)	$	1,134,603	$	216,704	$	77,189	$	1,272,907
Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) vested, net of 2,755 shares withheld to cover tax withholdings	22,354	—		—	—		(97)		—		—		(97)
Exercise of employee stock options (no shares withheld to cover tax withholdings or exercise price)	21,501	1		—	—		552		—		—		553
Stock warrants exercised	15,000	—		—	—		165		—		—		165
Stock buyback	(328,122)	—		328,122	(11,435)		—		—		—		(11,435)
Stock based compensation	—	—		—	—		2,666		—		—		2,666

Net income	—	—		—	—		—		36,835		—		36,835
Dividends paid	—	—		—	—		—		(9,906)				(9,906)
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—	—		—		—		(7,528)		(7,528)
Balance at September 30, 2021	49,229,028	$	559	6,638,094	$	(167,582)	$	1,137,889	$	243,633	$	69,661	$	1,284,160


Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount								Total
Balance at June 30, 2020	49,632,747	$	555	5,814,922	$	(144,160)	$	1,122,063	$	143,277	$	42,014		$	1,163,749
RSUs vested, net of 1,224 shares withheld to cover tax withholdings	14,585	—		—	—		(21)		—		—			(21)
Exercise of employee stock options (no shares withheld to cover tax withholdings or exercise price)	2,706	—		—	—		28		—		—			28


Stock based compensation	—	—		—	—		2,078		—		—			2,078

Net income	—	—		—	—		—		22,920		—			22,920
Dividends paid	—	—		—	—		—		(8,558)		—			(8,558)

Other comprehensive income	—	—		—	—		—		—		5,141			5,141
Balance at September 30, 2020	49,650,038	$	555	5,814,922	$	(144,160)	$	1,124,148	$	157,639	$	47,155		$	1,185,337

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount								Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	49,337,768	$	555	6,162,350	$	(152,073)	$	1,126,437	$	172,232	$	56,225		$	1,203,376


RSUs vested, net of 21,744 shares withheld to cover tax withholdings	101,410	2		—	—		(648)		—		—			(646)
Exercise of employee stock options, net of 37,668 and 7,305 shares withheld to cover tax withholdings and exercise price, respectively	250,594	2		—	—		4,099		—		—			4,101
Stock warrants exercised	15,000	—		—	—		165		—		—			165
Stock buyback	(475,744)	—		475,744	(15,509)		—		—		—			(15,509)
Stock based compensation	—	—		—	—		7,836		—		—			7,836
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		98,078		—			98,078
Dividends paid	—	—		—	—		—		(26,677)		—			(26,677)

Other comprehensive income	—	—		—	—		—		—		13,436			13,436
Balance at September 30, 2021	49,229,028	$	559	6,638,094	$	(167,582)	$	1,137,889	$	243,633	$	69,661		$	1,284,160


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount								Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	51,063,869	$	549	3,812,711	$	(94,603)	$	1,117,879	$	147,911	$	19,061		$	1,190,797


RSUs vested, net of 22,404 shares withheld to cover tax withholdings	100,864	1		—	—		(665)		—		—			(664)
Exercise of employee stock options, net of 98,836 and 139,715 shares withheld to cover tax withholdings and exercise price, respectively	477,516	5		—	—		944		—		—			949
Stock warrants exercised	10,000	—		—	—		109		—		—			109
Stock buyback	(2,002,211)	—		2,002,211	(49,557)		—		—		—			(49,557)
Stock based compensation	—	—		—	—		5,881		—		—			5,881

Net income	—	—		—	—		—		51,082		—			51,082
Dividends paid	—	—		—	—		—		(25,849)		—			(25,849)
CECL impact on date of adoption	—	—		—	—		—		(15,505)		—			(15,505)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—	—		—		—		28,094			28,094
Balance at September 30, 2020	49,650,038	$	555	5,814,922	$	(144,160)	$	1,124,148	$	157,639	$	47,155		$	1,185,337

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	98,078	$	51,082
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and intangibles	11,976		11,910
Net accretion of time deposit premium, debt discount and debt issuance costs	(140)		(1,208)
(Benefit) provision for credit losses	(441)		64,767

Accretion of loan discount	(5,351)		(11,407)
Stock-based compensation expense	7,836		5,881
Excess tax benefit from stock compensation	(322)		(1,391)
Net amortization of premiums on debt securities	2,264		2,483
Unrealized loss (gain) on equity securities recognized in earnings	220		(512)
Change in cash surrender value and mortality rates of BOLI	(926)		(1,451)
Net loss (gain) on sales of debt securities	188		(2,871)
Change in fair value of government guaranteed loans using fair value option	(1,828)		2,351
Gain on sales of mortgage loans held for sale	(1,299)		(923)
Gain on sales of government guaranteed loans	(2,812)		(3,242)



Originations of loans held for sale	(76,148)		(97,490)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale	83,488		101,494
Loss on sale of other real estate owned	219		83
Equity method investment income	(4,522)		—
Loss (gain) on sale of bank premises, furniture and equipment	6		(358)


Writedown of other real estate owned	197		—
Termination of derivatives designated as hedging instruments	43,900		—
Decrease (increase) in other assets	23,574		(35,012)
Increase in accounts payable and other liabilities	11,890		9,700
Net cash provided by operating activities	190,047		93,886
Cash flows from investing activities:


Purchases of available for sale debt securities	(183,377)		(491,724)
Proceeds from sales of available for sale debt securities	13,300		90,897
Proceeds from maturities, calls and pay downs of available for sale debt securities	127,883		338,146
Purchases of held to maturity debt securities	(27,131)		—
Maturity, calls and paydowns of held to maturity debt securities	2,496		1,748
Purchases of other investments	(1,122)		(13,477)
Purchases of equity method investments	(54,914)		—
Purchases of securities under agreements to resell	(103,692)		—
Proceeds from sales of equity securities	—		21

Net loans originated	(592,682)		(842,847)
Proceeds from sale of government guaranteed loans	2,812		43,404
Net additions to bank premises, furniture and equipment	(12,067)		(2,433)
Proceeds from sales of bank premises, furniture and equipment	7,533		2,157
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned	2,225		3,890
Net cash used in investing activities	(818,736)		(870,218)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in deposits	666,029		329,000
Net (decrease) increase in advances from FHLB	(117)		404,886
Redemption of subordinated debt	—		(5,000)
Net change in securities sold under agreement to repurchase	230		(325)
Payments to tax authorities for stock-based compensation	(646)		(3,783)
Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options	4,101		4,068
Proceeds from exercise of stock warrants	165		109
Purchase of treasury stock	(15,509)		(49,557)
Dividends paid	(26,677)		(25,849)


Net cash provided by financing activities	627,576		653,549
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	(1,113)		(122,783)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	230,825		251,550
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	229,712	$	128,767

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Organization

In this report, the words “Veritex,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to the combined entities of Veritex Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including Veritex Community Bank. The word “Holdco” refers to Veritex Holdings, Inc. The word “Bank” refers to Veritex Community Bank.

Veritex is a Texas state banking organization, with corporate offices in Dallas, Texas, and currently operates 20 branches and one mortgage office located in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and 10 branches in the Houston metropolitan area. The Bank provides a full range of banking services, including commercial and retail lending and the acceptance of checking and savings deposits, to individual and corporate customers. The Texas Department of Banking (the “TDB”) and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) are the primary regulators of the Company and the Bank, and both regulatory agencies perform periodic examinations to ensure regulatory compliance.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Veritex Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including Veritex Community Bank.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), but do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. In management’s opinion, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Accounting measurements at interim dates inherently involve greater reliance on estimates than at year end and the results for the interim periods shown herein are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year due in part to global economic and financial market conditions, interest rates, access to sources of liquidity, market competition and interruptions of business processes. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and the instructions to Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions may also affect disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Segment Reporting

The Company has one reportable segment. All of the Company’s activities are interrelated, and each activity is dependent and assessed based on how each activity of the Company supports the others. For example, lending is dependent upon the ability of the Company to fund itself with deposits and borrowings while managing interest rate and credit risk. Accordingly, all significant operating decisions are based upon an analysis of the Bank as one segment or unit. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker, the Chief Executive Officer, uses the consolidated results to make operating and strategic decisions.

Reclassifications

Certain items in the Company’s prior year financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation including the reclassification on the condensed consolidated statements of income from rental income to other income of $502 and $1,600 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)

EPS are based upon the weighted average shares outstanding. The table below sets forth the reconciliation between weighted average shares used for calculating basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Earnings (numerator)
Net income	$	36,835	$	22,920	$	98,078	$	51,082


Shares (denominator)
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS	49,423		49,647		49,431		49,989
Dilutive effect of employee stock-based awards	883		128		799		188
Adjusted weighted average shares outstanding	50,306		49,775		50,230		50,177
EPS:
Basic	$	0.75	$	0.46	$	1.98	$	1.02
Diluted	$	0.73	$	0.46	$	1.95	$	1.02

There were no antidilutive shares excluded from the diluted EPS weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, there were 16 antidilutive shares excluded from the diluted EPS weighted average shares outstanding related to RSUs.

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, there were 1,360 antidilutive shares excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding, 193 relating to RSUs and 1,167 relating to stock options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were 1,525 antidilutive shares excluded from the diluted EPS weighted average shares outstanding, 359 relating to RSUs and 1,166 relating to stock options.

Equity Method Investments

The Company applies the equity method of accounting to investments when the Company has significant influence, but not a controlling interest in the investee. Judgment regarding the level of influence over each equity method investment includes considering key factors such as ownership interest, representation on the board of directors, participation in policy-making decisions and material intercompany transactions.

The Company’s equity method investments are reported at cost and include direct transaction costs to make the investment. Equity method investments are subsequently adjusted each period for the Company’s proportionate share of the investee’s income or loss, which includes an elimination by the Company of any intra-entity profits and losses In addition, the Company’s subsequent proportionate share of other comprehensive income or loss is reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income with a corresponding adjustment to the equity method investment. Any dividends received on the investment are recognized as a reduction to the carrying amount of the investment.

The difference between the cost of an investment and the amount of underlying equity in net assets of the investee represents an equity method basis difference, which shall be accounted for as if the investee were consolidated. The Company accounts for the equity method basis difference as equity method goodwill. The Company assesses equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an investment may not be recoverable.

On July 16, 2021, the Bank acquired a 49% interest in Thrive Mortgage, LLC (“Thrive”) for $54,914 in cash and obtained the right to designate a member to Thrive’s board of directors. As a result of the investment, the Company has a $35,816 basis difference which is being accounted for as equity method goodwill.

The Company had $59,436 in equity method investments as of September 30, 2021 reported in “other assets” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s proportionate share of the income (loss) resulting from these investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $4,522 and is reported under the line item captioned “equity method investment income (loss)” in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

ASU 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740)" ("ASU 2019-12") simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and improves the consistent application of GAAP by clarifying and amending other existing guidance. ASU 2019-12 was effective for us on January 1, 2021 and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting" ("ASU 2020-04") amendments provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective upon issuance and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2020-04 did not significantly impact our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

ASU 2020-08, “Codification Improvements to Subtopic 310-20, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs” ("ASU 2020-08") clarifies the accounting for the amortization of purchase premiums for callable debt securities with multiple call dates. ASU 2020-08 was effective for us on January 1, 2021 and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

2. Supplemental Statement of Cash Flows

Other supplemental cash flow information is presented below:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest	$	25,784	$	45,720
Cash paid for income taxes	8,215		32,590
Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Flow Information:
Setup of ROU asset and lease liability	$	4,552	$	—


Net foreclosure of other real estate owned and repossessed assets	334		4,100
Transfer of other real estate owned to other assets for losses incurred upon sale and expected to be collected from the SBA	—		327

3. Share Transactions

On January 28, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors (the “Board”) originally authorized a stock buyback program (the "Stock Buyback Program") pursuant to which the Company could, from time to time, purchase up to $50,000 of its outstanding common stock in the aggregate. The Board authorized increases of $50,000 on September 3, 2019, $75,000 on December 12, 2019, and $75,000 on September 14, 2021 resulting in an aggregate authorization to purchase up to $250,000 under the Stock Buyback Program. The Board also authorized an extension of the original expiration date of the Stock Buyback Program from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022. The shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time, depending upon market conditions and other factors, and in accordance with applicable regulations of the SEC. The Stock Buyback Program does not obligate the Company to purchase any share and the program may be terminated or amended by the Board at any time prior to its expiration.

Share repurchases during the periods indicated are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Number of shares repurchased	328,122		—		475,744		2,002,211
Weighted average price per share	$	34.85	$	—	$	32.36	$	24.78

4. Securities

Equity Securities With a Readily Determinable Fair Value

The Company held equity securities with a fair value of $11,143 and $11,363 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company did not realize a gain or loss on equity securities with a readily determinable fair value during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company realized a loss of $8 on equity securities with a readily determinable fair value during the same period in 2020. The gross unrealized (loss) gain recognized on equity securities with readily determinable fair values recorded in other noninterest income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income were as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Unrealized (loss) gain recognized on equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	$	(84)	$	299	$	(220)	$	512

Equity Securities Without a Readily Determinable Fair Value

The Company held equity securities without a readily determinable fair values and measured at cost of $4,130 and $3,575 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

The Company held securities purchased under agreements to resell of $103,692 as of September 30, 2021. The Company recognized interest income of $227 recorded in equity securities and other investments in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company had no securities purchased under agreements to resell as of or during the year ended December 31, 2020. Securities purchased under agreements to resell typically mature 30 days from the settlement date, qualify as a secured borrowing and are measured at amortized cost.

Debt Securities

Debt securities have been classified in the condensed consolidated balance sheets according to management’s intent. The amortized cost, related gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) and the fair value of available for sale and held to maturity securities are as follows:


	September 30, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		ACL		Fair Value
Available for sale

Corporate bonds	$	195,494	$	10,723	$	97	$	—	$	206,120
Municipal securities	116,495		7,627		271		—		123,851
Mortgage-backed securities	134,160		5,379		1,497		—		138,042
Collateralized mortgage obligations	457,209		17,523		1,857		—		472,875
Asset-backed securities	55,816		2,015		320		—		57,511
Collateralized loan obligations	50,135		7		53		—		50,089
	$	1,009,309	$	43,274	$	4,095	$	—	$	1,048,488


	September 30, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		ACL		Fair Value
Held to maturity
Mortgage-backed securities	$	21,483	$	72	$	336	$	—	$	21,219
Collateralized mortgage obligations	5,512		626		—		—		6,138
Municipal securities	28,262		1,949		98		—		30,113
	$	55,257	$	2,647	$	434	$	—	$	57,470

The Company did not transfer any debt securities from available for sale to held to maturity at fair value during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.


	December 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		ACL		Fair Value
Available for sale

Corporate bonds	$	173,050	$	6,417	$	1,297	$	—	$	178,170
Municipal securities	115,533		10,129		6		—		125,656
Mortgage-backed securities	240,320		16,047		42		—		256,325
Collateralized mortgage obligations	388,080		20,895		66		—		408,909
Asset-backed securities	52,335		2,934		—		—		55,269
	$	969,318	$	56,422	$	1,411	$	—	$	1,024,329

	December 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		ACL		Fair Value
Held to maturity
Mortgage-backed securities	$	6,982	$	849	$	—	$	—	$	7,831
Collateralized mortgage obligations	1,620		103		—		—		1,723
Municipal securities	22,270		2,459		—		—		24,729
	$	30,872	$	3,411	$	—	$	—	$	34,283

The following tables disclose the Company’s available for sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which an ACL has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position:


	September 30, 2021
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Totals
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Available for sale

Corporate bonds	$	7,153	$	97	$	—	$	—	$	7,153	$	97
Municipal securities	15,165		262		2,225		9		17,390		271
Mortgage-backed securities	46,939		1,497						46,939		1,497
Collateralized mortgage obligations	91,055		1,857		—		—		91,055		1,857
Asset-backed securities	11,560		320		—		—		11,560		320
Collateralized loan obligations	32,714		53		—		—		32,714		53
	$	204,586	$	4,086	$	2,225	$	9	$	206,811	$	4,095
Held to maturity
Mortgage-backed securities	$	19,743	$	336	$	—	$	—	$	19,743	$	336
Municipal securities	6,794		98		—		—		6,794		98
	$	26,537	$	434	$	—	$	—	$	26,537	$	434


	December 31, 2020
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Totals
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Loss		Value		Loss		Value		Loss
Available for sale

Municipal securities	$	2,667	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	2,667	$	6
Corporate bonds	31,953		1,297		—		—		31,953		1,297
Mortgage-backed securities	34,402		108		—		—		34,402		108

	$	69,022	$	1,411	$	—	$	—	$	69,022	$	1,411

The number of available for sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position totaled 28 and 11 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Management does not have the intent to sell any of these debt securities and believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will not have to sell any such debt securities before a recovery of cost. The fair value is expected to recover as the debt securities approach their maturity date or repricing date or if market yields for such investments decline. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2021, management believes that the unrealized losses detailed in the previous tables are due to noncredit-related factors, including changes in interest rates and other market conditions, and therefore no losses have been recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.

The amortized costs and estimated fair values of securities available for sale, by contractual maturity, as of the dates indicated, are shown in the table below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities and collateralized loan obligations typically are issued with stated principal amounts, and the securities are backed by pools of mortgage loans and other loans that have varying maturities. The terms of mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities and collateralized loan obligations thus approximates the terms of the underlying mortgages and loans and can vary significantly due to prepayments. Therefore, these securities are not included in the maturity categories below.


	September 30, 2021
	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value

Due from one year to five years	$	5,193	$	5,273	$	—	$	—
Due from five years to ten years	175,310		184,513		3,860		4,141
Due after ten years	131,486		140,185		24,402		25,972
	311,989		329,971		28,262		30,113
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations	591,369		610,917		26,995		27,357
Asset-backed securities	55,816		57,511		—		—
Collateralized loan obligations	50,135		50,089		—		—
	$	1,009,309	$	1,048,488	$	55,257	$	57,470


	December 31, 2020
	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value

Due from one year to five years	$	4,935	$	5,139	$	—	$	—
Due from five years to ten years	154,576		158,510		3,334		3,591
Due after ten years	129,072		140,177		18,936		21,138
	288,583		303,826		22,270		24,729
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations	628,400		665,234		8,602		9,554
Asset-backed securities	52,335		55,269		—		—
	$	969,318	$	1,024,329	$	30,872	$	34,283

Proceeds from sales of debt securities available for sale and gross gains and losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Proceeds for sales	$	13,300	$	90,897
Gross realized gains	—		2,879
Gross realized losses	188		—

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity. There was a blanket floating lien on all debt securities held by the Company to secure FHLB advances as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

5. Loans Held for Investment and ACL

Loans held for investment in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Loans held for investment, carried at amortized cost:
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	936,174	$	693,030
Farmland	73,550		13,844
1 - 4 family residential	543,518		524,344
Multi-family residential	356,885		424,962
Owner occupied commercial (“OOCRE”)	711,476		717,472
Non-owner occupied commercial (“NOOCRE”)	2,194,438		1,904,132
Commercial	1,793,740		1,559,546
MW	615,045		577,594
Consumer	14,266		13,000
	7,239,092		6,427,924

Deferred loan fees, net	(8,142)		(2,468)
ACL	(93,771)		(105,084)
Loans held for investment carried at amortized cost, net	7,137,179		6,320,372

Loans held for investment, carried at fair value:
PPP loans	135,842		358,042



Total loans held for investment, net	$	7,273,021	$	6,678,414

Included in the total loans held for investment, net, as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was an accretable discount related to purchased performing and purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans acquired within a business combination in the approximate amounts of $10,450 and $15,526, respectively. The discount is being accreted into income on a level-yield basis over the life of the loans. In addition, included in the net loan portfolio as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is a discount on retained loans from the sale of Bank originated U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans of $3,289 and $3,215, respectively.

Loans held for investment, PPP loans, carried at fair value

Included in total loans held for investment, net, as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $135,842 and $358,042, respectively, of PPP loans, which are carried at fair value. The following table summarizes the PPP fee income which is included in government guaranteed loan income, net on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income and the net gain (loss) due to the change in the fair value of PPP loans, which is included in government guaranteed loan income, net, on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income and in change in fair value of government guaranteed loans using fair value option on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.


	September 30, 2021					September 30, 2020
		Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended		Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
PPP fee income		$	69	$	7,697	$	295	$	12,811
Net gain (loss) due to the change in fair value		782		1,117		(33)		(2,038)

These PPP loans were originated through an application to the SBA under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act and are 100% forgivable if certain criteria are met by the borrowers. As of September 30, 2021, we believe a majority of the Company’s PPP loans will meet such criteria.

ACL

The Company’s estimate of the ACL reflects losses expected over the remaining contractual life of the assets. The contractual term does not consider extensions, renewals or modifications unless the Company has identified an expected troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). The activity in the ACL related to loans held for investment is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Construction and Land		Farmland		Residential		Multifamily		OOCRE		NOOCRE		Commercial		Consumer		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	7,280	$	46	$	6,660	$	4,187	$	11,324	$	37,242	$	32,560	$	244	$	99,543
Credit loss expense non-PCD loans	(250)		190		(92)		(524)		498		197		789		(3)		805
Credit loss expense PCD loans	(19)		—		(11)		—		(21)		(135)		(613)		(6)		(805)
Charge-offs	—		—		(64)		—		(813)		—		(5,508)		(17)		(6,402)
Recoveries	—		—		26		—		—		—		596		8		630
Ending Balance	$	7,011	$	236	$	6,519	$	3,663	$	10,988	$	37,304	$	27,824	$	226	$	93,771


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Construction and Land		Farmland		Residential		Multifamily		OOCRE		NOOCRE		Commercial		Consumer		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	9,021	$	63	$	10,777	$	6,428	$	13,886	$	36,067	$	38,577	$	546	$	115,365


Credit loss expense non-PCD loans	610		7		(142)		268		662		(85)		11,425		29		12,774
Credit loss expense PCD loans	(41)		—		(37)		—		(3,578)		(161)		(271)		6		(4,082)
Charge-offs	—		—		—		—		(2,421)		—		(68)		(11)		(2,500)
Recoveries	—		—		7		—		—		—		14		13		34
Ending Balance	$	9,590	$	70	$	10,605	$	6,696	$	8,549	$	35,821	$	49,677	$	583	$	121,591


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Construction and Land			Farmland		Residential		Multifamily		OOCRE		NOOCRE		Commercial		Consumer		Total
Balance at beginning of year	$	7,768		$	56	$	8,148	$	6,231	$	9,719	$	35,237	$	37,554	$	371	$	105,084
Credit loss expense non-PCD loans	(737)			180		(1,106)		(2,568)		1,291		3,676		2,436		(133)		3,039
Credit loss expense PCD loans	(20)			—		(208)		—		980		(1,609)		(2,173)		(9)		(3,039)
Charge-offs	—			—		(367)		—		(1,502)		—		(11,474)		(55)		(13,398)
Recoveries	—			—		52		—		500		—		1,481		52		2,085
Ending Balance	$	7,011	0	$	236	$	6,519	$	3,663	$	10,988	$	37,304	$	27,824	$	226	$	93,771


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Construction and Land		Farmland		Residential		Multifamily		OOCRE		NOOCRE		Commercial		Consumer		Total
Balance at beginning of year	$	3,822	$	61	$	1,378	$	1,965	$	1,978	$	8,139	$	12,369	$	122	$	29,834
Impact of adopting ASC 326 non-PCD loans	(707)		4		3,716		628		3,406		5,138		7,025		217		19,427
Impact of adoption ASC 326 PCD loans	645		—		908		—		7,682		2,037		8,335		103		19,710
Credit loss expense non-PCD loans	6,393		5		4,955		4,103		3,177		17,294		22,853		3		58,783
Credit loss expense PCD loans	(563)		—		(360)		—		(5,273)		3,213		853		(13)		(2,143)
Charge-offs	—		—		—		—		(2,421)		—		(1,808)		(136)		(4,365)
Recoveries	—		—		8		—		—		—		50		287		345
Ending Balance	$	9,590	$	70	$	10,605	$	6,696	$	8,549	$	35,821	$	49,677	$	583	$	121,591

The majority of the Company’s loan portfolio consists of loans to businesses and individuals in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area. This geographic concentration subjects the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within these areas. The risks created by this concentration have been considered by management in the determination of the adequacy of the ACL. Management believes the ACL was adequate to cover estimated losses on loans held for investment as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related ACL allocated to these loans as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were as follows:


	September 30, 2021					December 31, 2020
		Real Property(1)		ACL Allocation			Real Property(1)		ACL Allocation
Real estate:


1 - 4 family residential		$	1,185	$	—		$	199	$	11


NOOCRE		19,023		6,147			16,080		—
Commercial		2,366		1,134			8,666		4,668

Consumer		1,063		—			143		50
Total		$	23,637	$	7,281		$	25,088	$	4,729

(1) Loans reported exclude PCD loans that transitioned upon adoption of ASC 326 and accounted for on a pooled basis.

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due in accordance with the terms of the applicable loan agreement. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Nonaccrual loans aggregated by class of loans, as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were as follows:


	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual With No ACL			Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual With No ACL
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	1,185	$	1,185		$	—	$	—

1 - 4 family residential	998		998			3,308		3,199

OOCRE	16,890		16,317			6,266		5,645
NOOCRE	31,630		201			40,830		19,213
Commercial	20,411		2,617			29,318		1,015

Consumer	1,203		1,191			1,374		1,220
Total	$	72,317	$	22,509		$	81,096	$	30,292

There were $12,295 and $1,508 of PCD loans that are not accounted for on a pooled basis included in nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, interest income not recognized on nonaccrual loans was $674 and $2,049, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, interest income not recognized on nonaccrual loans was $2,457 and $2,993, respectively.

An age analysis of past due loans, aggregated by class of loans and including past due nonaccrual loans, as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, is as follows:


	September 30, 2021
	30 to 59 Days		60 to 89 Days		90 Days or Greater		Total Past Due		Total Current		PCD		Total Loans		Total 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing(1)
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	—	$	—	$	1,185	$	1,185	$	932,563	$	2,426	$	936,174	$	—
Farmland	—		—		—		—		73,550		—		73,550		—
1 - 4 family residential	93		179		2,615		2,887		539,425		1,206		543,518		1,711
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		356,885		—		356,885		—
OOCRE	3,154		2,727		11,728		17,609		665,110		28,757		711,476		—
NOOCRE	2,740		—		12,607		15,347		2,153,336		25,755		2,194,438		—
Commercial	11,809		347		8,439		20,595		1,758,630		14,515		1,793,740		—
MW	119		—		—		119		614,926		—		615,045		—
Consumer	108		86		1,074		1,268		12,817		181		14,266		—
Total	$	18,023	$	3,339	$	37,648	$	59,010	$	7,107,242	$	72,840	$	7,239,092	$	1,711

(1) Loans 90 days past due and still accruing excludes $12,918 of pooled PCD loans as of September 30, 2021 that transitioned upon adoption of ASC 326.


	December 31, 2020
	30 to 59 Days		60 to 89 Days		90 Days or Greater		Total Past Due		Total Current		PCD		Total Loans		Total 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing(1)
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	690,345	$	2,685	$	693,030	$	—
Farmland	—		—		—		—		13,844		—		13,844		—
1 - 4 family residential	2,338		122		4,802		7,262		508,341		8,741		524,344		1,670
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		424,962		—		424,962		—
OOCRE	2,278		2,143		2,814		7,235		672,246		37,991		717,472		1,280
NOOCRE	7,675		2,911		17,586		28,172		1,832,784		43,176		1,904,132		—
Commercial	1,983		1,431		20,360		23,774		1,516,312		19,460		1,559,546		1,230
MW	—		—		—		—		577,594		—		577,594		—
Consumer	75		77		1,338		1,490		11,308		202		13,000		24
Total	$	14,349	$	6,684	$	46,900	$	67,933	$	6,247,736	$	112,255	$	6,427,924	$	4,204

(1) Loans 90 days past due and still accruing excludes $32,627 of PCD loans accounted for on a pooled basis as of December 31, 2020.

Loans past due 90 days and still accruing were $1,711 and $4,204 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. These loans are also considered well-secured, and are in the process of collection with plans in place for the borrowers to bring the notes fully current or to subsequently be renewed. The Company believes that it will collect all principal and interest due on each of the loans past due 90 days and still accruing.

Troubled Debt Restructuring

Modifications of terms for the Company’s loans and their inclusion as TDRs are based on individual facts and circumstances. Loan modifications that are included as TDRs may involve a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, or deferral of principal payments, regardless of the period of the modification. The recorded investment in TDRs was $28,088 and $29,157 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The following table presents the pre- and post-modification amortized cost of loans modified as TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.


	Adjusted Payment Structure		Payment Deferrals		Total Modifications		Number of Loans
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Commercial	$	192	$	—	$	192	1

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Commercial real estate	$	5,145	$	19,359	$	24,504	8


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Commercial real estate	$	5,145	$	19,359	$	24,504	8
Commercial	1,440		1,337		2,777		3
	$	6,585	$	20,696	$	27,281	11

There were no loans modified as TDR loans within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. A default for purposes of this disclosure is a TDR loan in which the borrower is 90 days past due or results in the foreclosure and repossession of the applicable collateral.

Interest income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 that would have been recorded had the terms of the loans not been modified on TDR loans was $376 and $555, respectively. Interest income recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 on TDR loans and interest income that would have been recorded had the terms of the loans not been modified was minimal.

The Company has not committed to lend additional amounts to customers with outstanding loans classified as TDRs as of September 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company had 12 modifications of loans with an aggregate principal balances of $4,758 that qualified for temporary suspension of TDR requirements under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and related interagency guidance of the federal banking agencies (collectively “Section 4013 of the CARES Act”). For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company had 754 modifications of loans with an aggregate principal balance of $1,126,975 that qualified for temporary suspension of TDR requirements under Section 4013 of the CARES Act. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had one loan with an aggregate principal balance of $131 remaining on deferment under Section 4013 of the CARES Act.

Credit Quality Indicators

From a credit risk standpoint, the Company classifies its loans in one of the following categories: (i) pass, (ii) special mention, (iii) substandard or (iv) doubtful. Loans classified as loss are charged-off. Loans not rated special mention, substandard, doubtful or loss are classified as pass loans.

The classifications of loans reflect a judgment about the risks of default and loss associated with the loan. The Company reviews the ratings on criticized credits monthly. Ratings are adjusted to reflect the degree of risk and loss that is felt to be inherent in each credit as of each monthly reporting period. All classified credits are evaluated for impairment. If impairment is determined to exist, a specific reserve is established. The Company’s methodology is structured so that specific reserves are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality (and a corresponding increase in risk and loss) or decreased in accordance with improvement in credit quality (and a corresponding decrease in risk and loss).

Credits rated special mention show clear signs of financial weaknesses or deterioration in credit worthiness, however, such concerns are generally not so pronounced that the Company expects to experience significant loss within the short-term. Such credits typically maintain the ability to perform within standard credit terms and credit exposure is not as prominent as credits with a lower rating.

Credits rated substandard are those in which the normal repayment of principal and interest may be, or has been, jeopardized by reason of adverse trends or developments of a financial, managerial, economic or political nature, or important weaknesses which exist in collateral. A protracted workout on these credits is a distinct possibility. Prompt corrective action is therefore required to strengthen the Company’s position, and/or to reduce exposure and to assure that adequate remedial measures are taken by the borrower. Credit exposure becomes more likely in such credits and a serious evaluation of the secondary support to the credit is performed.

Credits rated doubtful are those in which full collection of principal appears highly questionable, and in which some degree of loss is anticipated, even though the ultimate amount of loss may not yet be certain and/or other factors exist which could affect collection of debt. Based upon available information, positive action by the Company is required to avert or minimize loss. Credits rated doubtful are generally also placed on non-accrual.

Credits classified as PCD are those that, at acquisition date, have experienced a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination. The Company elected to maintain pools of loans that were previously accounted for under ASC 310-30 which was superseded by ASC 326 and will continue to account for these pools as a unit of account. Loans are only removed from the existing pools if they are foreclosed, written off, paid off, or sold.

The Company considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension or renewal of a loan constitutes a current period origination. Generally, current period renewals of credit are re-underwritten at the point of renewal and considered current period originations for purposes of the table below. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans based on year or origination is as follows:


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year1
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
As of September 30, 2021
Construction and land:
Pass	$	221,411	$	416,653	$	165,620	$	79,393	$	5,819	$	32,833	$	7,956	$	988	$	930,673
Special mention	—		1,574		—		316		—		—		—		—		1,890
Substandard	—		—		—		1,185		—		—		—		—		1,185
PCD	—		—		—		—		—		2,426		—		—		2,426
Total construction and land	$	221,411	$	418,227	$	165,620	$	80,894	$	5,819	$	35,259	$	7,956	$	988	$	936,174

Farmland:
Pass	$	61,549	$	528	$	428	$	3,367	$	2,990	$	3,453	$	1,235	$	—	$	73,550



Total farmland	$	61,549	$	528	$	428	$	3,367	$	2,990	$	3,453	$	1,235	$	—	$	73,550

1 - 4 family residential:
Pass	$	141,686	$	110,136	$	67,341	$	71,399	$	29,487	$	99,293	$	13,076	$	5,950	$	538,368
Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		360		—		—		360
Substandard	—		—		—		1,711		81		903		889		—		3,584
PCD	—		—		—		—		—		1,206		—		—		1,206
Total 1 - 4 family residential	$	141,686	$	110,136	$	67,341	$	73,110	$	29,568	$	101,762	$	13,965	$	5,950	$	543,518

Multi-family residential:
Pass	$	60,933	$	66,493	$	86,509	$	80,777	$	13,634	$	27,196	$	51	$	—	$	335,593


Special mention	—		—		—		21,292		—		—		—		—		21,292


Total multi-family residential	$	60,933	$	66,493	$	86,509	$	102,069	$	13,634	$	27,196	$	51	$	—	$	356,885

OOCRE:
Pass	$	95,473	$	143,616	$	59,589	$	57,823	$	61,504	$	190,014	$	2,572	$	2,998	$	613,589
Special mention	—		—		1,064		19,939		329		7,951		—		—		29,283
Substandard	—		412		—		25,545		1,153		12,738		—		—		39,848
PCD	—		1,397		—		—		7,320		20,039		—		—		28,756
Total OOCRE	$	95,473	$	145,425	$	60,653	$	103,307	$	70,306	$	230,742	$	2,572	$	2,998	$	711,476

NOOCRE:
Pass	$	517,272	$	305,853	$	256,528	$	416,144	$	93,726	$	388,677	$	9,161	$	1,585	$	1,988,946
Special mention	—		238		9,400		11,287		22,031		46,039		493		—		89,488
Substandard	—		1,314		1,781		26,113		1,337		47,214		12,406		—		90,165
PCD	—		—		—		18,939		—		6,900		—		—		25,839
Total NOOCRE	$	517,272	$	307,405	$	267,709	$	472,483	$	117,094	$	488,830	$	22,060	$	1,585	$	2,194,438

Commercial:
Pass	$	336,092	$	237,949	$	146,110	$	75,481	$	13,658	$	56,443	$	810,012	$	13,678	$	1,689,423
Special mention	903		4,432		1,276		8,840		8,789		1,958		3,728		3,353		33,279
Substandard	11,869		1,053		3,089		13,096		6,025		3,742		17,542		3,926		60,342
PCD	—		—		—		325		1,943		8,428		—		—		10,696
Total commercial	$	348,864	$	243,434	$	150,475	$	97,742	$	30,415	$	70,571	$	831,282	$	20,957	$	1,793,740

MW:
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	613,727	$	—	$	613,727

Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,318		—		1,318

Total MW	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	615,045	$	—	$	615,045

Consumer:
Pass	$	5,046	$	1,670	$	665	$	490	$	2,982	$	803	$	1,036	$	22	$	12,714
Special mention	—		—		—		—		83		15		—		—		98
Substandard	—		—		3		2		152		52		1,064		—		1,273
PCD	—		—		—		—		25		156		—		—		181
Total consumer	$	5,046	$	1,670	$	668	$	492	$	3,242	$	1,026	$	2,100	$	22	$	14,266

Total Pass	$	1,439,462	$	1,282,898	$	782,790	$	784,874	$	223,800	$	798,712	$	1,458,826	$	25,221	$	6,796,583
Total Special Mention	903		6,244		11,740		61,674		31,232		56,323		4,221		3,353		175,690
Total Substandard	11,869		2,779		4,873		67,652		8,748		64,649		33,219		3,926		197,715
Total PCD	—		1,397		—		19,264		9,288		39,155		—		—		69,104
Total	$	1,452,234	$	1,293,318	$	799,403	$	933,464	$	273,068	$	958,839	$	1,496,266	$	32,500	$	7,239,092

1 Term loans amortized cost basis by origination year excludes $8,142 of deferred loan fees, net.


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year1
	2020			2019			2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
As of December 31, 2020
Construction and land:
Pass	$	155,358		$	282,497		$	179,372	$	11,791	$	9,938	$	27,147	$	21,066	$	—	$	687,169
Special mention	—			—			2,666		—		—		—		—		—		2,666
Substandard	—			—			510		—		—		—		—		—		510
PCD	—			—			—		—		—		2,685		—		—		2,685
Total construction and land	$	155,358		$	282,497		$	182,548	$	11,791	$	9,938	$	29,832	$	21,066	$	—	$	693,030

Farmland:
Pass	$	867		$	972		$	3,367	$	3,688	$	—	$	3,656	$	1,294	$	—	$	13,844



Total farmland	$	867		$	972		$	3,367	$	3,688	$	—	$	3,656	$	1,294	$	—	$	13,844

1 - 4 family residential:
Pass	$	120,580		$	79,617		$	91,890	$	49,338	$	31,936	$	115,797	$	19,065	$	2,968	$	511,191
Special mention	—			1,077			154		760		—		687		—		—		2,678
Substandard	—			—			142		668		—		—		924		—		1,734
PCD	—			—			—		—		—		8,741		—		—		8,741
Total 1 - 4 family residential	$	120,580		$	80,694		$	92,186	$	50,766	$	31,936	$	125,225	$	19,989	$	2,968	$	524,344

Multi-family residential:
Pass	$	107,332		$	106,559		$	139,721	$	18,722	$	32,672	$	7,218	$	58	$	—	$	412,282
Special mention	—			—			12,680		—		—		—		—		—		12,680


Total multi-family residential	$	107,332		$	106,559		$	152,401	$	18,722	$	32,672	$	7,218	$	58	$	—	$	424,962

OOCRE:
Pass	$	113,741		$	65,262		$	75,940	$	79,253	$	79,202	$	176,668	$	5,532	$	—	$	595,598
Special mention	—			948			22,725		3,701		12,860		4,326		—		—		44,560
Substandard	370			—			10,579		3,830		11,315		6,822		201		6,206		39,323
PCD	—			—			—		—		7,951		30,040		—		—		37,991
Total OOCRE	$	114,111		$	66,210		$	109,244	$	86,784	$	111,328	$	217,856	$	5,733	$	6,206	$	717,472

NOOCRE:
Pass	$	361,246		$	255,976		$	445,079	$	90,738	$	174,893	$	309,572	$	13,413	$	—	$	1,650,917
Special mention	101			31,714			37,572		19,262		25,997		37,951		493		—		153,090
Substandard	1,226		0	9,850		0	4,562		4,108		—		23,098		14,105		—		56,949
PCD	—			—			18,744		—		6,652		17,780		—		—		43,176
Total NOOCRE	$	362,573		$	297,540		$	505,957	$	114,108	$	207,542	$	388,401	$	28,011	$	—	$	1,904,132

Commercial:
Pass	$	251,004		$	158,158		$	112,961	$	50,734	$	19,821	$	41,856	$	758,832	$	13,400	$	1,406,766
Special mention	1,306			2,539			8,224		10,033		1,201		2,165		26,922		3,670		56,060
Substandard	722			4,487			23,245		3,772		7,216		2,083		30,460		5,275		77,260
PCD	—			—			—		3,382		4,196		11,882		—		—		19,460
Total commercial	$	253,032		$	165,184		$	144,430	$	67,921	$	32,434	$	57,986	$	816,214	$	22,345	$	1,559,546


MW:
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	577,594	$	—	$	577,594



Total MW	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	577,594	$	—	$	577,594

Consumer:
Pass	$	2,489	$	1,216	$	1,038	$	3,899	$	887	$	353	$	1,475	$	—	$	11,357
Special mention	—		—		—		—		25		227		—		—		252
Substandard	—		—		—		60		—		66		1,063		—		1,189
PCD	—		—		—		36		—		166		—		—		202
Total consumer	$	2,489	$	1,216	$	1,038	$	3,995	$	912	$	812	$	2,538	$	—	$	13,000

Total Pass	$	1,112,617	$	950,257	$	1,049,368	$	308,163	$	349,349	$	682,267	$	1,398,329	$	16,368	$	5,866,718
Total Special Mention	1,407		36,278		84,021		33,756		40,083		45,356		27,415		3,670		271,986
Total Substandard	2,318		14,337		39,038		12,438		18,531		32,069		46,753		11,481		176,965
Total PCD	—		—		18,744		3,418		18,799		71,294		—		—		112,255
Total	$	1,116,342	$	1,000,872	$	1,191,171	$	357,775	$	426,762	$	830,986	$	1,472,497	$	31,519	$	6,427,924

1 Term loans amortized cost basis by origination year excludes $2,468 of deferred loan fees, net.

Servicing Assets

The Company was servicing loans of approximately $302,452 and $234,330 as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. A summary of the changes in the related servicing assets are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,725	$	2,940	$	3,363	$	3,113

Increase from loan sales	157		705		541		836
Net (impairment) recovery	(95)		244		117		138
Amortization charged as a reduction to income	(212)		(104)		(446)		(302)
Balance at end of period	$	3,575	$	3,785	$	3,575	$	3,785

Fair value of servicing assets is estimated by discounting estimated future cash flows from the servicing assets using discount rates that approximate current market rates over the expected lives of the loans being serviced. A valuation allowance is recorded when the fair value is below the carrying amount of the asset. As of September 30, 2021 and 2020 there was a valuation allowance of $440 and $188, respectively.

The Company may also receive a portion of subsequent interest collections on loans sold that exceed the contractual servicing fees. In that case, the Company records an interest-only strip based on its relative fair market value and the other components of the loans. There was no interest-only strip receivable recorded at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Bank sold $6,025 and $20,338 of SBA loans held for investment resulting in a gain of $859 and $2,812, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Bank sold $32,381 and $40,161 of SBA loans held for investment resulting in a gain of $2,639 and $3,242, respectively. The gain on sale of SBA loans is recorded in government guaranteed loan income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.

6. Fair Value

The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:


	September 30, 2021
	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Available for sale debt securities	$	—	$	1,048,488	$	—	$	1,048,488
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	11,143		—		—		11,143
PPP loans	—		135,842		—		135,842
Loans held for sale(1)	—		15,252		—		15,252
Interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments	—		5,095		—		5,095
Correspondent interest rate swaps not designated as hedging instruments	—		581		—		581
Customer interest rate swaps not designated as hedging instruments	—		4,951		—		4,951
Correspondent interest rate caps and collars not designated as hedging instruments	—		—		—		—

Financial Liabilities:

Correspondent interest rate swaps not designated as hedging instruments	$	—	$	5,250	$	—	$	5,250
Customer interest rate swaps not designated as hedging instruments	—		531		—		531

Customer interest rate caps and collars not designated as hedging instruments	—		—		—		—

(1) Represents loans held for sale elected to be carried at fair value upon origination or acquisition.


	December 31, 2020
	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Available for sale debt securities	$	—	$	1,024,329	$	—	$	1,024,329
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	11,363		—		—		11,363
PPP loans	—		358,042		—		358,042
Loans held for sale(1)	—		6,681		—		6,681
Interest rate swap designated as hedging instruments	—		17,543		—		17,543
Customer interest rate swaps not designated as hedging instruments	—		10,937		—		10,937
Correspondent interest rate caps and collars not designated as hedging instruments	—		1		—		1

Financial Liabilities:
Interest rate swap designated as hedging instruments	$	—	$	2,255	$	—	$	2,255
Correspondent interest rate swaps not designated as hedging instruments	—		11,666		—		11,666
Customer interest rate caps and collars not designated as hedging instruments	—		1		—		1

(1) Represents loans held for sale elected to be carried at fair value upon origination or acquisition.

The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:


	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
As of September 30, 2021
Assets:
Collateral dependent loans with an ACL	$	—	$	—	$	16,356	$	16,356
Servicing assets with a valuation allowance	—		—		2,944		2,944

As of December 31, 2020
Assets:
Collateral dependent loans with an ACL	$	—	$	—	$	2,386	$	2,386
Servicing assets with a valuation allowance	—		—		2,975		2,975

At September 30, 2021, collateral dependent loans with an allowance had a recorded investment of $23,637, with $7,281 specific allowance for credit loss allocated. At December 31, 2020, collateral dependent loans had a carrying value of $7,115, with $4,729 specific allowance for credit loss allocated.

At September 30, 2021, servicing assets of $3,384 had a valuation allowance totaling $440. At December 31, 2020, servicing assets of $3,531 had a valuation allowance totaling $556.

There were no other real estate owned properties at September 30, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred a write-down of $197 in total on all properties.

There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s methods of determining fair value of financial instruments in this Note are consistent with its methodologies disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Please refer to Note 17 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on these methods.

The estimated fair values and carrying values of all financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis under current authoritative guidance as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:


			Fair Value
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
September 30, 2021
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	229,712	$	—	$	229,712	$	—
Held to maturity debt securities	55,257		—		57,470		—
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	103,692		—		103,692		—
Loans held for sale(1)	3,644		—		3,644		—


Loans held for investment(2)	7,226,209		—		—		7,172,716
Accrued interest receivable	21,985		—		21,985		—
Bank-owned life insurance	83,781		—		83,781		—
Servicing asset	631		—		631		—
Equity securities without a readily determinable fair value	4,130		N/A		N/A		N/A

FHLB and FRB stock	71,803		N/A		N/A		N/A
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	7,178,752	$	—	$	7,058,094	$	—
Advances from FHLB	777,601		—		788,525		—
Accrued interest payable	1,231		—		1,231		—
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	262,761		—		262,761		—
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase	2,455		—		2,433		—

December 31, 2020
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	230,825	$	—	$	230,825	$	—
Held to maturity debt securities	30,872		—		34,283		—
Loans held for sale(1)	14,733		—		14,733		—

Loans held for investment(2)	6,317,986		—		—		6,335,402
Accrued interest receivable	23,798		—		23,798		—
Bank-owned life insurance	82,855		—		82,855		—
Servicing asset	388		—		486		—
Equity securities without a readily determinable fair value	3,575		N/A		N/A		N/A
FHLB and FRB stock	71,236		N/A		N/A		N/A
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	6,512,846	$	—	$	6,608,849	$	—
Advances from FHLB	777,718		—		782,321		—
Accrued interest payable	2,665		—		2,665		—
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	262,778		—		262,778		—
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase	2,225		—		2,199		—

(1) Loans held for sale represent mortgage loans held for sale that are carried at lower of cost or market.

(2) Loans held for investment includes MW and is carried at amortized cost.

7. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company primarily uses derivatives to manage exposure to market risk, including interest rate risk and credit risk, and to assist customers with their risk management objectives. Management will designate certain derivatives as hedging instruments in a qualifying hedge accounting relationship. The Company’s remaining derivatives consist of derivatives held for customer accommodation or other purposes.

The fair value of derivative positions outstanding is included in other assets and accounts payable and other liabilities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and in the net change in each of these financial statement line items in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. For derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, swap fee income and gains and losses due to changes in fair value are included in other noninterest income and the operating section of the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. For derivatives designated as hedging instruments, the entire change in the fair value related to the derivative instrument is recognized as a component of other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into interest income or interest expense when the forecasted transaction affects income. The notional amounts and estimated fair values as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as shown in the table below.


	September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020
			Estimated Fair Value						Estimated Fair Value
	Notional Amount		Asset Derivative		Liability Derivative		Notional Amount		Asset Derivative		Liability Derivative
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (cash flow hedges):
Interest rate swap on borrowing advances	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	500,000	$	17,543	$	—
Interest rate swap on money market deposit account payments	250,000		1,712		—		250,000		—		2,255
Interest rate swap on customer loan interest payments	125,000		159		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap on customer loan interest payments	125,000		496		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap on customer loan interest payments	125,000		2,728		—		—		—		—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$	625,000	$	5,095	$	—	$	750,000	$	17,543	$	2,255

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Financial institution counterparty:
Interest rate swaps	$	310,738	$	581	$	5,250	$	303,918	$	—	$	11,666
Interest rate caps and collars	41,916		—		—		41,916		1		—
Commercial customer counterparty:
Interest rate swaps	310,738		4,951		531		303,918		10,937		—
Interest rate caps and collars	41,916		—		—		41,916		—		1
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	$	705,308	$	5,532	$	5,781	$	691,668	$	10,938	$	11,667
Offsetting derivative assets/liabilities			(4,500)		(4,500)				1		1
Total derivatives	$	1,330,308	$	6,127	$	1,281	$	1,441,668	$	28,482	$	13,923

Pre-tax gain (loss) included in the condensed consolidated statements of income and related to derivative instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021						For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	(Loss) gain recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative		(Loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		Location of (loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		(Loss) recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative		(Loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		Location of (loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (cash flow hedges):
Interest rate swap on borrowing advances	$	—	$	—	Interest Expense		$	4,096	$	—	Interest Expense
Interest rate swap on money market deposit account payments	403		(195)		Interest Expense		562		(194)		Interest Income
Commercial loan interest rate floor	—		—		Interest Income		(553)		553		Interest Income
Interest rate swaps on customer loan interest payments	(3,234)		2,325		Interest Income		—		—
Total	$	(2,831)	$	2,130			$	4,105	$	359

					Net gain recognized in other noninterest income						Net gain recognized in other noninterest income
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps, caps and collars					$	1,023					$	1,651


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021						For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Gain recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative		(Loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		Location of (loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		Gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative		(Loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		Location of (loss) gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (cash flow hedges):
Interest rate swap on borrowing advances	$	26,357	$	—	Interest Expense		$	6,621	$	—	Interest Expense
Interest rate swap on money market deposit account payments	4,167		(601)		Interest Expense		(3,373)		(409)		Interest Expense
Commercial loan interest rate floor	—		866		Interest Income		(78)		1,384		Interest Income
Interest rate swaps on customer loan interest payments	2,317		2,541		Interest Income		—		—
Total	$	32,841	$	2,806			$	3,170	$	975


Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:					Net gain recognized in other noninterest income						Net gain recognized in other noninterest income
Interest rate swaps, caps and collars					$	1,213					$	575

Cash Flow Hedges

Cash flow hedge relationships mitigate exposure to the variability of future cash flows or other forecasted transactions. The Company uses interest rate swaps, floors, caps and collars to manage overall cash flow changes related to interest rate risk exposure on benchmark interest rate loans.

In March 2021, the Company entered into three fixed receive/pay variable interest rate swaps, each with a notional amount of $125,000, to hedge the variability of cash flow payments attributable to changes in interest rates in regards to forecasted of three-month attributable to changes in interest rates in regards to forecasted money market account borrowings from March 2021 through March 2028 and March 2021 through March 2031.

In March 2020, the Company entered into an interest rate swap for a notional amount of $500,000 to hedge the variability of cash flow payments attributable to changes in interest rates in regards to forecasted issuances of three-month term debt arrangements every three months from March 2022 through March 2032. These forecasted borrowings can be sourced from a FHLB advance, repurchase agreement, brokered certificate of deposit or some combination of these sources. This interest rate swap was terminated on February 24, 2021. The pre-tax gain of $43,900, resulting from the termination of the interest rate swap, will remain in other comprehensive income (loss) and will be accreted over a 10-year period starting in March 2022 unless the forecasted transactions become probable of not occurring.

In March 2020, the Company entered into an interest rate swap for a notional amount of $250,000 to hedge the variability of cash flow payments attributable to changes in interest rates in regards to forecasted money market account borrowings from March 2020 through March 2025.

In May 2019, the Company entered into a $275,000 notional interest rate floor for commercial loans with a two-year term. The interest rate floor had a purchased floor strike of 2.43%. In February 2020, the Company terminated this interest rate

floor. The gain resulting from the termination of the interest rate floor will remain in other comprehensive income (loss) and will be accreted into earnings over the remaining period of the former hedging relationship unless the forecasted transaction becomes probable of not occurring.

Interest Rate Swap, Floor, Cap and Collar Agreements Not Designated as Hedging Derivatives

In order to accommodate the borrowing needs of certain commercial customers, the Company has entered into interest rate swap or cap agreements with those customers. These interest rate derivative contracts effectively allow the Company’s customers to convert a variable rate loan into a fixed rate loan. In order to offset the exposure and manage interest rate risk, at the time an agreement was entered into with a customer, the Company entered into an interest rate swap or cap with a correspondent bank counterparty with offsetting terms. These derivative instruments are not designated as accounting hedges and changes in the net fair value are recognized in noninterest income or expense. Because the Company acts as an intermediary for its customers, changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts substantially offset each other and do not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations. The fair value amounts are included in other assets and other liabilities.

The following is a summary of the interest rate swaps, caps and collars outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.


	September 30, 2021
	Notional Amount		Fixed Rate	Floating Rate	Maturity	Fair Value
Non-hedging derivative instruments:
Customer interest rate derivative:
Interest rate swaps - receive fixed/pay floating	$	310,738	3.140% - 8.470%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000% - 5.000%	Wtd. Avg. 4.9 years	$	(4,669)
Interest rate caps and collars	$	41,916	2.500% / 3.000%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.00%	Wtd. Avg. 0.8 years	$	—

Correspondent interest rate derivative:
Interest rate swaps - pay fixed/receive floating	$	310,738	3.140% - 8.470%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000% - 5.000%	Wtd. Avg. 4.9 years	$	4,420
Interest rate caps and collars	$	41,916	3.000% / 5.000%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000% - 2.500%	Wtd. Avg. 0.8 years	$	—

	December 31, 2020
	Notional Amount		Fixed Rate	Floating Rate	Maturity	Fair Value
Non-hedging derivative instruments:
Customer interest rate derivative:
Interest rate swaps - receive fixed/pay floating	$	303,918	3.140% - 8.470%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000% - 5.000% PRIME H15 - 0.250%	Wtd. Avg. 4.1 years	$	(11,666)
Interest rate caps and collars	$	41,916	2.500% / 3.000%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000%	Wtd. Avg. 1.6 years	$	1

Correspondent interest rate derivative:
Interest rate swaps - pay fixed/receive floating	$	303,918	3.140% - 8.470%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000% - 5.000% PRIME H15 - 25	Wtd. Avg. 4.1 years	$	10,937
Interest rate caps and collars	$	41,916	3.000% / 5.000%	LIBOR 1 month + 0.000% - 2.500%	Wtd. Avg. 1.6 years	$	(1)

8. Off-Balance Sheet Loan Commitments

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, MW commitments and standby and commercial letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to a financial instrument for commitments to extend credit, MW commitments and standby and commercial letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

The following table sets forth the approximate amounts of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Commitments to extend credit	$	3,737,662	$	2,743,571
MW commitments	659,329		354,603
Standby and commercial letters of credit	65,815		44,427
Total	$	4,462,806	$	3,142,601

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Management evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis and substantially all of the Company’s commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of future loan funding. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

MW commitments are unconditionally cancellable and represent the unused capacity on MW facilities the Company has approved. The Company reserves the right to refuse to buy any mortgage loans offered for sale by a customer, for any reason, at the Company’s sole and absolute discretion.

Standby and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby and commercial letters of credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Company’s policy for obtaining collateral and the nature of such collateral is substantially the same as that involved in making commitments to extend credit.

The table below presents the activity in the allowance for unfunded commitment credit losses related to those financial instruments discussed above. This allowance is recorded in accounts payable and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Beginning balance for ACL on unfunded commitments	$	10,754	$	8,398	$	10,747	$	878
Impact of CECL adoption	—		—		—		840
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments	(448)		1,447		(441)		8,127
Ending balance of ACL on unfunded commitments	$	10,306	$	9,845	$	10,306	$	9,845

9. Stock-Based Awards

2010 Stock Option and Equity Incentive Plan (“2010 Incentive Plan”)

The Company recognized no stock compensation expense related to the 2010 Incentive Plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

A summary of option activity under the 2010 Incentive Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the periods then ended, is presented below:


	2010 Incentive Plan
	Non-Performance Based Stock Options
	Shares Underlying Options	Weighted Exercise Price		Weighted Average Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	257,500	$	10.28	1.37 years



Exercised	(207,500)	10.14
Outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2020	50,000	$	10.84	1.91 years


Outstanding at January 1, 2021	20,000	$	10.09	1.06 years	$	374



Exercised	(19,000)	10.00
Outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2021	1,000	$	10.43	1.32 years	$	145

As of September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, there was no unrecognized stock compensation expense related to non-performance based stock options.

A summary of the fair value of the Company’s stock options exercised under the 2010 Incentive Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is presented below:


	Fair Value of Options Exercised as of September 30,
	2021		2020
Nonperformance-based stock options exercised	$	568	$	5,851

2019 Amended Plan and Green Acquired Omnibus Plans

2021 Grants of RSUs

During the nine months ending September 30, 2021, the Company granted non-performance-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs (“PSUs”) under the 2019 Amended and Restatement Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2019 Amended Plan”) and the Veritex (Green) 2014 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan”). The majority of the RSUs granted to employees during the nine months ending September 30, 2021 with annual graded vesting over a three year period from the grant date.

The PSUs granted in February 2021 are subject to service, performance and market conditions. The performance and market condition determine the number of awards to vest. The service period is from February 1, 2021 to January 31, 2024, the performance condition performance period is from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023, and the market condition performance period is from February 1, 2021 to January 31, 2024. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to estimate the fair value of PSUs on the grant date.

Stock Compensation Expense

Stock compensation expense for options, RSUs and PSUs granted under the 2019 Amended Plan and the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
2019 Amended Plan	$	2,172	$	1,588	$	6,355	$	4,468
Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan	494		490		1,481		1,413

2019 Amended Plan

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock options under the 2019 Amended Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:


	2019 Amended Plan
	Non-performance Based Stock Options
	Shares Underlying Options	Weighted Exercise Price		Weighted Average Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	849,768	$	23.61	8.24 years
Granted	170,025	27.31

Forfeited	(23,735)	27.70

Exercised	(33,439)	19.19
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	962,619	$	24.32	7.77 years
Options exercisable at September 30, 2020	492,204	$	24.23	6.94 years

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	975,801	$	24.26	7.45 years	$	2,422
Granted	500	36.54


Cancelled	(13,996)	25.93
Exercised	(149,808)	23.42
Outstanding at September 30, 2021	812,497	$	24.40	7.07 years	$	11,929
Options exercisable at September 30, 2021	507,597	$	24.49	6.58 years	$	7,293
Weighted average fair value of options granted during the period		$	36.54

As of September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, there was $1,219, $2,470 and $2,801 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to options awarded under the 2019 Amended Plan, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense at September 30, 2021 is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average requisite service period of 0.88 years.

A summary of the status of the Company’s RSUs under the 2019 Amended Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:


	2019 Amended Plan
	Non-performance-Based
	RSUs
	Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	175,688	$	21.65
Granted	436,818	26.92

Vested into shares	(82,683)	23.24
Forfeited	(470)	29.13
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	529,353	$	25.16

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	441,132	$	20.39
Granted	247,649	26.87

Vested into shares	(89,819)	24.14
Forfeited	(12,998)	26.24
Outstanding at September 30, 2021	585,964	$	22.42

A summary of the status of the Company’s PSUs under the 2019 Amended Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:


	2019 Amended Plan

	PSUs
	Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	63,727	$	22.76
Granted	39,398	29.13

Vested into shares	(1,841)	26.65

Outstanding at September 30, 2020	101,284	$	25.22

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	100,195	$	23.20
Granted	56,276	25.94



Outstanding at September 30, 2021	156,471	$	24.17

As of September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020 there was $10,970, $8,222 and $9,098 of total unrecognized compensation related to RSUs and PSUs awarded under the 2019 Amended Plan, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense at September 30, 2021 is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average requisite service period of 2.03 years.

A summary of the fair value of the Company’s stock options exercised, RSUs and PSUs vested under the 2019 Amended Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is presented below:


	Fair Value of Options Exercised, RSUs or PSUs Vested in the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021	2020
Non-performance-based stock options exercised	4,909	943
RSUs vested	2,318	2,225
PSUs vested	—	36

Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock options under the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:



	Non-performance Based Stock Options
	Shares Underlying Options	Weighted Exercise Price		Weighted Average Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	386,969	$	19.30	7.86 years

Granted	31,075	29.13
Forfeited	(28,736)	21.38

Exercised	(34,476)	19.54
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	354,832	$	19.95	7.34 years
Options exercisable at September 30, 2020	212,676	$	17.84	6.46 years

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	352,000	$	19.99	6.97 years	$	2,124


Forfeited	(7,245)	21.38

Exercised	(64,017)	19.63
Outstanding at September 30, 2021	280,738	$	20.03	6.19 years	$	5,457
Options exercisable at September 30, 2021	212,536	$	18.84	5.74 years	$	4,362

As of September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, there was $225, $626 and $759 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to options awarded under the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense at September 30, 2021 is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average requisite service period of 0.41 years.

A summary of the status of the Company’s RSUs under the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:




	RSUs
	Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	116,250	$	21.38
Granted	93,918	21.36
Vested into shares	(38,744)	29.13
Forfeited	(4,402)	29.13
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	167,022	$	22.69

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	156,187	$	22.64
Granted	5,692	26.12
Vested into shares	(33,335)	21.38
Forfeited	(5,760)	25.21
Outstanding at September 30, 2021	122,784	$	21.13

A summary of the status of the Company’s PSUs under the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:




	PSUs
	Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	25,320	$	21.38
Granted	8,531	29.13


Outstanding at September 30, 2020	33,851	$	23.33

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	30,728	$	21.43
Granted	6,231	25.94

Forfeited	(1,060)	19.69
Outstanding at September 30, 2021	35,899	$	22.26

As of September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, there was $1,636, $2,484 and $2,842, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation related to outstanding RSUs and PSUs awarded under the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan to be recognized over a remaining weighted average requisite service period of 1.42 years.

A summary of the fair value of the Company’s stock options exercised and RSUs vested under the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is presented below:


	Fair Value of Options Exercised or RSUs Vested in the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Non-performance-based stock options exercised	$	1,898	$	1,001
RSUs vested	713		828

Green 2010 Plan

In addition to the Veritex (Green) 2014 Plan discussed earlier in this Note, the Company assumed the Green Bancorp Inc. 2010 Stock Option Plan (“Green 2010 Plan”).

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock options under the Green 2010 Plan as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and changes during the nine months then ended, is as follows:


	Green 2010 Plan
	Non-performance Based Stock Options
	Shares Underlying Options	Weighted Exercise Price		Weighted Average Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2020	571,735	$	10.64	1.74 years



Exercised	(440,652)	10.35
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	131,083	$	11.60	5.15 years

Outstanding at January 1, 2021	131,083	$	11.60	4.90 years	$	1,843



Exercised	(62,742)	10.51
Outstanding at September 30, 2021	68,341	$	12.60	2.35 years	$	1,829

A summary of the fair value of the Company’s stock options exercised under the Green 2010 Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is presented below:


	Fair Value of Options Exercised as of September 30,
	2021	2020
Nonperformance-based stock options exercised	1,838	12,231

10. Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Income tax expense for the period	$	9,195		$	6,198		$	26,025		$	9,501
Effective tax rate	20.0		%	21.3		%	21.0		%	15.7		%

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company had an effective tax rate of 20.0%. The Company had a net discrete tax benefit of $53 related to an excess tax benefit realized on share-based payment awards during the three months ended September 30, 2021. Excluding this discrete tax item, the Company had an effective tax rate of 20.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.0%. The Company had a net discrete tax expense of $104. This discrete tax expense related to a true-up of a deferred tax liability of $426 offset by $322 of an excess tax benefit realized on share-based payment awards during nine months ended September 30, 2021. Excluding these discrete tax items, the Company had an effective tax rate of 20.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.3% and 15.7%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate during the three months ended was primarily due to a net discrete tax benefit of $1,799 as a result of the Company amending a prior year Green Bancorp, Inc. (“Green”) tax return to carry back a net operating loss ("NOL") incurred by Green on January 1, 2019. The Company was allowed to carry back this NOL as result of a provision in the CARES Act that permits NOLs generated in tax years 2018, 2019 or 2020 to be carried back five years. In addition to this, the Company recognized a net discrete tax expense of $32 and a net discrete tax benefit of $1,391 primarily associated with the recognition of excess tax benefit realized on share-based payment awards during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. Excluding these discrete tax items, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.2% and 21.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

11. Legal Contingencies

Litigation

The Company may from time to time be involved in legal actions arising from normal business activities. In the opinion of management, there are no claims for which it is reasonably possible that an adverse outcome would have a material effect on the Company's financial position, liquidity or results of operations. The Company is not aware of any material unasserted claims.

12. Capital Requirements and Restrictions on Retained Earnings

Under applicable U.S. banking laws, there are legal restrictions limiting the amount of dividends the Company can declare. Approval of the regulatory authorities is required if, among other things, the effect of the dividends declared would cause regulatory capital of the Company to fall below specified minimum levels.

The Company on a consolidated basis and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements triggers certain mandatory actions and may lead to additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action (“PCA”), the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and PCA classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings of assets, and other factors. In addition, an institution may be downgraded to, or deemed to be in, a capital category that is lower than indicated by its capital ratios, if it is determined to be in an unsafe or unsound condition or if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating with respect to certain matters.

Under the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 and implementing regulations of the federal banking agencies, certain banking organizations with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets may elect to satisfy a single Community Bank Leverage Ratio (“CBLR”) of Tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets in lieu of the generally applicable capital requirements of the capital rules implementing Basel III. Banks meeting all of the requirements under this framework are not required to report or calculate risk-based capital, and will be considered to have met the well-capitalized ratio requirements under PCA regulations. The Bank was eligible and elected to use the CBLR framework as of December 31, 2020; however, the Bank was no longer eligible to use the CBLR framework beginning as of June 30, 2021.

As a result of our no longer using the CBLR framework, we are subject to various quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy. These generally applicable capital requirements require a banking organization that does not operate under the CBLR framework to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total capital, Tier 1 capital, and common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 capital to average assets. The capital rules implementing Basel III also include a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% on top of each of the minimum risk-based capital ratios, and a banking organization with any risk-based capital ratio that meets or exceeds the minimum requirement but does not meet the capital conservation buffer will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and discretionary bonus payments based on the amount of the shortfall. Additionally, to be categorized as “well capitalized,” a bank that does not operate under the CBLR framework is required to maintain minimum total risk-based common equity Tier 1, Tier 1, and total capital ratios and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the table below.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s and the Bank’s capital ratios exceeded those levels necessary to be categorized as “well capitalized.” There are no conditions or events since September 30, 2021 that management believes have changed the Company’s category.

In the first quarter of 2020, U.S. federal regulatory authorities issued an interim final rule that provides banking organizations that adopt the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology during the 2020 calendar year with the option to delay for two years the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital relative to regulatory capital determined under the prior incurred loss methodology, followed by a three-year transition period to phase out the aggregate amount of the capital benefit provided during the initial two-year delay (i.e., a five-year transition in total). In connection with the Company’s adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020, the Company has elected to utilize the five-year CECL transition. As a result, the effects of CECL on the Company’s and the Bank’s regulatory capital will be delayed through the year 2021, after which the effects will be phased-in over a three-year period from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2024.

A comparison of the Company’s and Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios to required capital amounts and ratios is presented in the following table:


	Actual				For Capital Adequacy Purposes				To Be Well Capitalized Under PCA Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
As of September 30, 2021
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	$	1,160,589	12.31	%	$	754,241	8.0	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	1,068,655		11.34	%	753,901		8.0	%	$	942,377	10.0	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	854,393		9.06	%	565,823		6.0	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	994,810		10.56	%	565,233		6.0	%	753,644		8.0	%
Common equity tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	825,001		8.75	%	424,286		4.5	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	994,810		10.56	%	423,925		4.5	%	612,336		6.5	%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
Company	854,393		9.54	%	358,236		4.0	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	994,810		11.12	%	357,845		4.0	%	447,307		5.0	%
As of December 31, 2020
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	$	1,099,031	13.57	%	$	647,918	8.0	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	968,481		11.96	%	647,813		8.0	%	$	809,767	10.0	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	782,487		9.66	%	486,017		6.0	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	884,471		10.92	%	485,973		6.0	%	647,964		8.0	%
Common equity tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	753,261		9.30	%	364,481		4.5	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	884,471		10.92	%	364,480		4.5	%	526,471		6.5	%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
Company	782,487		9.43	%	331,914		4.0	%	n/a		n/a
Bank	884,471		10.66	%	331,884		4.0	%	414,855		5.0	%

Dividend Restrictions — Dividends paid by the Bank are subject to certain restrictions imposed by regulatory agencies. Capital requirements further limit the amount of dividends that may be paid by the Bank. No dividends were paid by the Bank to the Holdco during the three months ended September 30, 2021. Dividends of $8,440 were paid by the Bank to the Holdco during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Dividends of $20,000 and $65,000 were paid by the Bank to the Holdco during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

Dividends of $9,906, or $0.20 per outstanding share, and $26,677, or $0.54 per outstanding share, on the applicable record date, were paid by the Company during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Dividends of $8,558, or $0.17 per outstanding share, and $25,849, or $0.51 per outstanding share, on the applicable record date, were paid by the Company during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

13. Subsequent Events

On November 1, 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of North Avenue Capital, LLC (“NAC”), which was announced on September 21, 2021. Under the terms of the definitive agreement for the acquisition, the Bank paid $57,500 in cash to existing shareholders of NAC. Three years after the completion of the transaction, existing shareholders of NAC as of the date of the acquisition have the right, subject to adjustment, to receive an additional $5,000 in cash subject to certain performance measures. NAC will continue to operate under its current name and brand and in its current office space, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Bank. The required disclosures under ASC 805 are omitted herein since the initial accounting for the business combination is not available. These disclosures will be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The transaction makes the Bank a leading player in the United States Department of Agriculture Business and Industry lending program. It furthers the Company’s strategy of diversifying revenue streams and providing meaningful gain on sale and loan servicing fees. The Company will leverage NAC’s loan sourcing technology to further enhance the Company’s products and services. Additionally, the Company will provide additional resources and expertise to complement NAC’s experienced team.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) as well as with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Except where the content otherwise requires or when otherwise indicated, the terms “Veritex,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our business” refer to the combined entities of Veritex Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including Veritex Community Bank.

This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties and are based on certain assumptions that we believe are reasonable but may prove to be inaccurate. Certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those set forth under “Special Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” may cause actual results to differ materially from the projected results discussed in the forward-looking statements appearing in this discussion and analysis. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements. For additional information concerning forward-looking statements, please read “Special Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” below.

Overview

We are a Texas state banking organization with corporate offices in Dallas, Texas. Through our wholly owned subsidiary, Veritex Community Bank, a Texas state chartered bank, we provide relationship-driven commercial banking products and services tailored to meet the needs of small to medium-sized businesses and professionals. Beginning at our operational inception in 2010, we initially targeted customers and focused our acquisitions primarily in the Dallas metropolitan area, which we consider to be Dallas and the adjacent communities in North Dallas. Our current primary market now includes the broader Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area. As we continue to grow, we may expand to other metropolitan banking markets in Texas.

Our business is conducted through one reportable segment, community banking, which generates the majority of our revenues from interest income on loans, customer service and loan fees, gains on sale of government guaranteed loans and mortgage loans and interest income from securities. We incur interest expense on deposits and other borrowed funds and noninterest expense, such as salaries, employee benefits and occupancy expenses. We analyze our ability to maximize income generated from interest earning assets and expense of our liabilities through net interest margin. Net interest margin is a ratio calculated as net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. Net interest income is the difference between interest income on interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities, and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings, which are used to fund those assets.

Changes in the market interest rates and interest rates we earn on interest-earning assets or pay on interest-bearing liabilities, as well as the volume and types of interest-earning assets, and interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing liabilities, are usually the largest drivers of periodic changes in net interest spread, net interest margin and net interest income. Fluctuations in market interest rates are driven by many factors, including governmental monetary policies, inflation, deflation, macroeconomic developments, changes in unemployment, the money supply, political and international conditions and conditions in domestic and foreign financial markets. Periodic changes in the volume and types of loans in our loan portfolio are affected by, among other factors, economic and competitive conditions in Texas and, specifically, in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and Houston metropolitan area, as well as developments affecting the real estate, technology, financial services, insurance, transportation, manufacturing and energy sectors within our target market and throughout the state of Texas.

Recent Developments

Impact of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic created a global public health crisis that resulted in continued unprecedented uncertainty, volatility and disruption in financial markets and in governmental, commercial and consumer activity in the United States and globally, including the markets that we serve. Possible additional waves of COVID-19, including variant strains thereof, may adversely affect the ongoing re-opening process. Conversely, ongoing virus containment efforts and vaccination progress, as well as the possibility of further government stimulus, could accelerate the macroeconomic recovery.

We have taken deliberate actions to ensure that we have the balance sheet strength to serve our clients and communities during the COVID-19 pandemic, including increasing our liquidity and reserves supported by a strong capital position. In order to protect the health of our customers and employees, and to comply with applicable governmental directives, we implemented our operational response and preparedness plan, which includes, among other things, dispersion of critical operation processes, increased monitoring focused on higher risk operations, enhanced remote access security and further restricted internet access, enhanced security around wire transfer execution and flexible scheduling provided to employees who are unable to work from home.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted. The CARES Act contains substantial tax and spending provisions intended to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), a loan program administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”). Under the PPP, small businesses, sole proprietorship’s, independent contractors and self-employed individuals were eligible to apply for forgivable loans from existing SBA lenders and other approved lenders that enrolled in the program, subject to numerous limitations and eligibility criteria. Subsequent legislation, including as noted below, allocated additional funding to the PPP. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, enacted on December 27, 2020, provided additional funding for the PPP and allowed eligible borrowers, including certain borrowers who already received a PPP loan, to apply for PPP loans through March 31, 2021. The SBA began accepting PPP applications under the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 on January 13, 2021. The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, enacted on March 11, 2021, expanded the eligibility criteria for PPP loans and revised the exclusions from payroll costs for purposes of loan forgiveness. The PPP Extension Act of 2021, enacted on March 30, 2021, extended the PPP through May 31, 2021.

Beginning in early April 2020, we began processing loan applications under the PPP, and in January 2021 we began processing applications under the latest round of the PPP. The Company believes that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. If a loan is fully forgiven, the SBA will repay the lending bank in full. If a loan is partially forgiven or not forgiven at all, a bank must look to the borrower for repayment of unforgiven principal and interest. If the borrower defaults, the loan is guaranteed by the SBA. In order to obtain loan forgiveness, a PPP borrower must submit a forgiveness application. The SBA began approving forgiveness applications on October 2, 2020.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we also implemented a loan deferment program to provide temporary payment relief to certain of our borrowers who meet the program's qualifications. This program allows for a deferral of principal and/or interest payments for 90 days (“Round 1 Deferments”), which we may extend for an additional 90 days (“Round 2 Deferments”), for a maximum of 180 days on a cumulative basis. The deferred payments along with interest accrued during the deferral period are due and payable on the maturity date of the existing loan. The CARES Act, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, specified that COVID-19 related loan modifications executed between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of (i) 60 days after the date of termination of the national emergency declared by the President and (ii) January 1, 2022, on loans that were current as of December 31, 2019 are not TDRs. Additionally, under guidance from the federal banking agencies, other short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to borrowers that were current prior to any relief are not troubled debt restructuring (“TDRs”) under ASC Subtopic 310-40, “Troubled Debt Restructuring by Creditors.” These modifications include short-term (e.g., up to six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or delays in payment that are insignificant. Under the loan deferment program, the Company had 12 and 754 modifications of loans in 2021 and 2020, respectively with aggregate principal balances of $4.8 million and $1.1 billion in 2021 and 2020, respectively, that qualified for temporary suspension of TDR requirements under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and the interagency guidance. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had one loan with an aggregate principal balance of $131 thousand remaining on deferment under Section 4013 of the CARES Act.

Uncertainties in certain future economic conditions exist, and we have taken deliberate actions in response to these uncertainties, including increased levels of on balance sheet liquidity and increased capital ratio levels. We continue to monitor the impact of COVID-19 closely, as well as any effects that may result from the CARES Act; however, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our operations and financial results during 2021 is highly uncertain.

Financial position and results of operations

The COVID-19 pandemic had a material impact on our allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) during 2020. Our ACL calculation and resulting provision for credit losses is significantly impacted by changes in the Texas economic forecasts used in the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model throughout 2020 and 2021 to reflect the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Should economic conditions worsen, we could experience increases in our ACL and record additional credit loss expense. We could also see an increase in our ratio of past due loans to total loans and an increase in charge-offs related to COVID-19. It is possible that our asset quality measures could worsen at future measurement periods if the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are further prolonged.

Our fee income could be reduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In keeping with guidance from regulators, we are working with customers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic to waive fees from a variety of sources, including, but not limited to, insufficient funds and overdraft fees, ATM fees and account maintenance fees. These reductions in fees are thought, at this time, to be temporary in conjunction with the length of the expected COVID-19 pandemic. At this time, we are unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognize the breadth of the economic impact is likely to impact our fee income in future periods.

Our interest income could also be reduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated 1.00% yield earned on PPP loans. In keeping with guidance from regulators, we are actively working with borrowers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic to defer their payments, interest, and fees. While interest and fees will still accrue to income, should eventual credit losses on these deferred payments emerge, our interest income and fees accrued would need to be reversed. In such a scenario, interest income in future periods could be negatively impacted. At this time, we are unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognize the breadth of the economic impact may affect our borrowers’ ability to repay in future periods.

Capital and liquidity

As of September 30, 2021, all of our and the Bank’s capital ratios were in excess of all regulatory requirements. While we believe that we have sufficient capital to withstand an extended economic recession brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, our reported and regulatory capital ratios could be adversely impacted by further credit losses. We rely on cash on hand as well as dividends from the Bank to service our debt. If our capital deteriorates such that the Bank is unable to pay dividends to us for an extended period of time, we may not be able to service our debt.

We maintain access to multiple sources of liquidity. Wholesale funding markets have remained open to us with stable and low rates for short term funding. If an economic recession caused large numbers of our deposit customers to withdraw their funds, we might become more reliant on volatile or more expensive sources of funding.

Asset valuation

Currently, we do not expect the COVID-19 pandemic to affect our ability to account timely for the assets on our balance sheet; however, this could change in future periods. While certain valuation assumptions and judgments will change to account for pandemic-related circumstances such as widening credit spreads, we do not anticipate significant changes in methodology used to determine the fair value of assets measured in accordance with GAAP.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

General

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $36.8 million, an increase of $13.9 million, or 60.7%, from net income of $22.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.75, an increase of $0.29 from $0.46 for the three months ended September 30, 2020. Diluted EPS for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.73, an increase of $0.27 from $0.46 for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Net Interest Income

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, net interest income totaled $71.3 million and net interest margin and net interest spread were 3.26% and 3.05%, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, net interest income totaled $65.9 million and net interest margin and net interest spread were 3.32% and 3.05%, respectively. The increase in net interest income was due to a $3.1 million decrease in interest expense on certificate and other time deposits and a $2.4 million increase in interest income. The increase in interest income was primarily due to a $2.5 million increase in interest income on loans due to loan growth, with $2.0 million attributable to total loans excluding mortgage warehouse (“MW”) and PPP loans. The decrease in interest expense resulted from $3.1 million decrease in interest expense on certificates and other time deposits, during the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. Net interest margin decreased 6 basis points from the three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to a decrease in average yields earned on loan balances, partially offset by decreases in the average rate paid on interest-bearing demand and savings deposits and certificate and other time deposits during the three months ended September 30, 2021. As a result, the average cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased to 0.30% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 from 0.67% for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The average cost of total deposits including noninterest-bearing deposits decreased to 0.20% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 from 0.46% for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, interest expense totaled $8.5 million and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 0.59%. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, interest expense totaled $11.6 million and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 0.85%. The year-over-year decrease of 26 basis points, was due to decreases in the average rates paid on interest-bearing demand and savings deposits and certificates and other time deposits and a change in deposit mix.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, an analysis of net interest income by each major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the average amounts outstanding and the interest earned or paid on such amounts. The table also sets forth the average rates earned on interest-earning assets, the average rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, and the net interest margin on average total interest-earning assets for the same periods. Interest earned on loans that are classified as nonaccrual is not recognized in income; however, the balances are reflected in average outstanding balances for the period. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, interest income not recognized on nonaccrual loans was $674 thousand and $2.5 million, respectively. Any nonaccrual loans have been included in the table as loans carrying a zero yield.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,
	2021						2020
			Interest						Interest
	Average		Earned/		Average		Average		Earned/		Average
	Outstanding		Interest		Yield/		Outstanding		Interest		Yield/
	Balance		Paid		Rate		Balance		Paid		Rate
	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans(1)	$	6,384,856	$	66,911	4.16	%	$	5,753,859	$	64,958	4.49	%
Loans held for investment (“LHI”), MW	465,945		3,697		3.15		358,248		2,705		3.00
PPP loans	210,092		531		1.00		407,112		1,022		1.00
Debt Securities	1,119,952		7,613		2.70		1,101,469		7,852		2.84
Interest-earning deposits in other banks	336,289		130		0.15		175,201		65		0.15
Equity securities and other investments	167,242		898		2.13		103,948		827		3.17
Total interest-earning assets	8,684,376		79,780		3.64		7,899,837		77,429		3.90
ACL	(99,482)						(116,859)
Noninterest-earning assets	800,576						802,948
Total assets	$	9,385,470					$	8,585,926

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits	$	3,201,409	$	1,588	0.20	%	$	2,735,170	$	2,105	0.31	%
Certificates and other time deposits	1,519,824		1,934		0.50		1,459,046		5,004		1.36
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas (“FHLB”)	777,617		1,848		0.94		1,067,771		2,707		1.01
Subordinated debentures and subordinated debt	264,714		3,134		4.70		142,432		1,743		4.87
Total interest-bearing liabilities	5,763,564		8,504		0.59		5,404,419		11,559		0.85

Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	2,271,197						1,937,921
Other liabilities	60,181						65,704
Total liabilities	8,094,942						7,408,044
Stockholders’ equity	1,290,528						1,177,882
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	9,385,470					$	8,585,926
Net interest rate spread(2)					3.05	%					3.05	%
Net interest income			$	71,276					$	65,870
Net interest margin(3)					3.26	%					3.32	%

(1) Includes average outstanding balances of loans held for sale of $8,542 and $15,404 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively, and average balances of LHI, excluding MW and PPP loans.

(2) Net interest rate spread is equal to the average yield on interest-earning assets minus the average rate on interest-bearing liabilities.

(3) Net interest margin is equal to net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

The following table presents the changes in interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated for each major component of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and distinguishes between the changes attributable to changes in volume and interest rates. For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume that cannot be segregated have been allocated to rate.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,
	2021 vs. 2020
	Increase (Decrease)

	Due to Change in
	Volume		Rate		Total
	(In thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans	$	7,143	$	(5,190)	$	1,953
LHI, MW	814		178		992
PPP loans	(491)		—		(491)
Debt securities	132		(371)		(239)
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks	61		4		65
Equity securities and other investments	506		(435)		71
Total increase (decrease) in interest income	8,165		(5,814)		2,351
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits	360		(877)		(517)
Certificates and other time deposits	209		(3,279)		(3,070)
Advances from FHLB	(738)		(121)		(859)
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	1,501		(110)		1,391
Total increase (decrease) in interest expense	1,332		(4,387)		(3,055)
Increase (decrease) in net interest income	$	6,833	$	(1,427)	$	5,406

Provision for Credit Losses

Our provision for credit losses is a charge to income in order to bring our ACL to a level deemed appropriate by management. For a description of the factors taken into account by management in determining the ACL see “—Financial Condition—Allowance for Credit Losses on LHI.” We recorded no provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to $8.7 million for the same period in 2020, a decrease of $8.7 million, or 100.0%. The decreased provision for credit losses was primarily attributable to changes in the Texas economic forecasts used in the CECL model during the three months ended September 30, 2021 to reflect the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as of September 30, 2021 compared to the Texas economic forecasts utilized in the CECL model for the three months ended September 30, 2020. Prior to the three months ended September 30, 2021, significant deterioration in these forecasted Texas economic indicators was brought on by the projected economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reasonable and supportable forecast period. In the third quarter of 2021, we also recorded a $448 thousand benefit for unfunded commitments, which was attributable to improving Texas economic forecasts utilized in the unfunded commitments loss rates slightly offset by higher unfunded balances, compared to a $1.4 million provision for unfunded commitments recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Noninterest Income

Our primary sources of recurring noninterest income are service charges and fees on deposit accounts, loan fees, gain on the sale of securities, gains on the sale of mortgage loans held for sale, government guaranteed loan income, net, equity method investment income and other income. Noninterest income does not include loan origination fees, which are generally recognized over the life of the related loan as an adjustment to yield using the interest method.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of noninterest income:


	For the
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
	(In thousands)
Noninterest income:
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	4,484	$	3,130	$	1,354
Loan fees	1,746		1,787		(41)
Loss on sales of securities	(188)		(8)		(180)
Gain on sales of mortgage loans held for sale	407		472		(65)
Government guaranteed loan income, net	2,341		2,257		84



Equity method investment income	4,522		—		4,522
Other	2,315		2,157		158
Total noninterest income	$	15,627	$	9,795	$	5,832

Noninterest income for the three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $5.8 million, or 59.5%, to $15.6 million compared to noninterest income of $9.8 million for the same period in 2020. The primary drivers of the increase were as follows:

Service charges and fees on deposit accounts. We earn service charges and fees from our customers for deposit-related activities. The income from these deposit activities constitutes a significant and predictable component of our noninterest income. Service charges and fees on deposit accounts were $4.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $1.4 million, over the same period in 2020. This increase was primarily due to an increase in analysis charges of $772 thousand resulting from additional deposit accounts being serviced and an increase in service deposit charges of $405 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

Equity method investment income. Equity method investment income is comprised of income earned on equity method investments, specifically our investment in Thrive Mortgage, LLC (“Thrive”), of which the Bank holds a 49% interest. The income from this investment was $4.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. During the third quarter of 2021, Thrive’s PPP loan, originated and serviced by another bank, was 100% forgiven by the SBA. As a result of our 49% investment in Thrive, $1.9 million of the $4.5 million represents our portion of the PPP loan forgiveness. There was no income from equity method investments for the same period in 2020.

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense is composed of all employee expenses and costs associated with operating our facilities, acquiring and retaining customer relationships and providing bank services. The major component of noninterest expense is salaries and employee benefits. Noninterest expense also includes operational expenses, such as occupancy expenses, depreciation and amortization of office equipment, professional fees and regulatory fees, data processing and software expenses, marketing expenses and amortization of intangibles.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of noninterest expense:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				Increase (Decrease)
	2021		2020
	(In thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	22,964	$	20,553	$	2,411
Non-staff expenses:
Occupancy and equipment	4,536		3,980		556
Professional and regulatory fees	3,401		3,159		242
Data processing and software expense	2,494		2,452		42
Marketing	1,151		1,062		89
Amortization of intangibles	2,509		2,840		(331)
Telephone and communications	380		345		35

COVID expenses	—		132		(132)
Other	3,886		1,885		2,001
Total noninterest expense	$	41,321	$	36,408	$	4,913

Noninterest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $4.9 million, or 13.5%, to $41.3 million compared to noninterest expense of $36.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The most significant components of the increase were as follows:

Salaries and employee benefits. Salaries and employee benefits include payroll expense, the cost of incentive compensation, benefit plans, health insurance and payroll taxes. These expenses are impacted by the amount of direct loan origination costs, which are required to be deferred in accordance with ASC 310-20 (formerly FAS91). Salaries and employee benefits were $23.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $2.4 million, or 11.7%, compared to the same period in 2020. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in incentive costs of $4.1 million and salaries of $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020. These increases were partially offset by an increase of $2.8 million in direct loan origination costs which are required to be deferred in accordance with ASC 310-20.

Other noninterest expense. This category includes loan and collection expenses, supplies and printing, postage, automatic teller and online expenses and other miscellaneous expenses. Other noninterest expense was $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $1.9 million for the same period in 2020, an increase of $2.0 million, or 106.2%. This increase was primarily due to an increase in problem loan fees of $499 thousand, legal settlements of $128 thousand, travel related expenses of $113 thousand, FHLB fees of $80 thousand and SBA fees of $76 thousand, .

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense is a function of our pre-tax income, tax-exempt income and other nondeductible expenses. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect current statutory income tax rates in effect for the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. As of September 30, 2021, we did not believe a valuation allowance was necessary.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, income tax expense totaled $9.2 million, an increase of $3.0 million, or 48.4%, compared to $6.2 million for the same period in 2020.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company had an effective tax rate of 20.0%. The Company had a net discrete tax benefit of $53 thousand for excess tax benefit realized on share-based payment award during the three months ended September 30, 2021. Excluding this discrete tax item, the Company had an effective tax rate of 20.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.3%. The Company had a net discrete tax expense of $32 thousand primarily associated with the recognition of an excess tax expense realized on share-based payment awards during the three months ended September 30, 2020. Excluding this discrete tax item, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

General

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $98.1 million, an increase of $47.0 million, or 92.0%, from net income of $51.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Basic EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $1.98, an increase of $0.96 from $1.02 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $1.95, an increase of $0.93 from $1.02 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Net Interest Income

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net interest income before provisions for credit losses totaled $204.0 million and net interest margin and net interest spread were 3.20% and 2.98%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, net interest income totaled $199.0 million and net interest margin and net interest spread were 3.42% and 3.10%, respectively. The increase in net interest income of $5.0 million was primarily due to $5.9 million and $12.3 million decreases in interest expense on interest-bearing demand and savings deposits and certificates and other time deposits, respectively, partially offset by a $10.6 million decrease in interest income on loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease in interest income on loans was due to a decrease in average yields earned on loans. Net interest margin decreased 22 basis points from the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to a decrease in yields earned on loan balances, partially offset by decreases in the average rate paid on interest-bearing demand and savings deposits and certificates and other time deposits in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and an unfavorable shift in the mix of earning assets compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. As a result, the average cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 61 basis points to 0.36% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 from 0.97% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, interest expense totaled $27.5 million and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 0.65%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, interest expense totaled $44.7 million and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 1.09%. The decrease in interest expense of $17.2 million was due to a $5.9 million decrease in the average rate paid on interest-bearing demand and savings deposits and a $12.3 million decrease in the average rate paid on time deposits, partially offset by a $1.1 million increase in interest paid on borrowings.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, an analysis of net interest income by each major category of interest-earning assets and interest–bearing liabilities, the average amounts outstanding and the interest earned or paid on such amounts. The table also sets forth the average rate earned on interest-earning assets, the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, and the net interest margin on average total interest-earning assets for the same periods. Interest earned on loans that are classified as non-accrual is not recognized in income; however, the balances are reflected in average outstanding balances for the period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, interest income not recognized on non-accrual loans was $2.0 million and $3.0 million, respectively. Any non-accrual loans have been included in the table as loans carrying a zero yield.


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021						2020
			Interest						Interest
	Average		Earned/		Average		Average		Earned/		Average
	Outstanding		Interest		Yield/		Outstanding		Interest		Yield/
	Balance		Paid		Rate		Balance		Paid		Rate
	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans(1)	$	6,118,880	$	193,040	4.22	%	$	5,779,469	$	208,889	4.83	%
LHI, MW	477,319		10,988		3.08		275,890		6,318		3.06
PPP loans	309,620		2,324		1.00		236,778		1,779		1.00
Debt securities	1,093,263		22,579		2.76		1,086,185		23,074		2.84
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks	408,601		424		0.14		283,108		1,122		0.53
Equity securities and other investments	114,237		2,233		2.61		102,185		2,568		3.36
Total interest-earning assets	8,521,920		231,588		3.63		7,763,615		243,750		4.19
ACL	(103,478)						(90,633)
Noninterest-earning assets	799,207						776,790
Total assets	$	9,217,649					$	8,449,772

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits	$	3,144,395	$	5,229	0.22	%	$	2,680,925	$	11,128	0.55	%
Certificates and other time deposits	1,514,954		7,418		0.65		1,579,114		19,759		1.67
Advances from FHLB	777,655		5,489		0.94		1,070,856		8,387		1.05
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	264,998		9,410		4.75		143,387		5,444		5.07
Total interest-bearing liabilities	5,702,002		27,546		0.65		5,474,282		44,718		1.09

Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	2,198,551						1,763,289
Other liabilities	60,456						57,737
Total liabilities	7,961,009						7,295,308
Stockholders’ equity	1,256,640						1,154,464
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	9,217,649					$	8,449,772

Net interest rate spread(2)					2.98	%					3.10	%
Net interest income			$	204,042					$	199,032
Net interest margin(3)					3.20	%					3.42	%

________________________________

(1) Includes average outstanding balances of loans held for sale of $13,140 and $16,448 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively, and average balances of LHI, excluding MW and PPP loans.

(2) Net interest rate spread is equal to the average yield on interest-earning assets minus the average rate on interest-bearing liabilities.

(3) Net interest margin is equal to net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021 vs. 2020
	Increase (Decrease)

	Due to Change in
	Volume		Rate		Total
	(In thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans	$	12,256	$	(28,105)	$	(15,849)
LHI, MW	4,610		60		4,670
PPP loans	545		—		545
Debt securities	150		(645)		(495)
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks	497		(1,195)		(698)
Equity securities and other investments	303		(638)		(335)
Total increase (decrease) in interest income	18,361		(30,523)		(12,162)
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits	1,922		(7,821)		(5,899)
Certificates and other time deposits	(802)		(11,539)		(12,341)
Advances from FHLB	(2,294)		(604)		(2,898)
Subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	4,613		(647)		3,966
Total increase (decrease) in interest expense	3,439		(20,611)		(17,172)
Increase (decrease) in net interest income	$	14,922	$	(9,912)	$	5,010

Provision for Credit Losses

The decrease in the recorded provision for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily attributable to improvement in the Texas economic forecasts used in the CECL model in 2021 to reflect the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as of September 30, 2021, as compared to the Texas economic forecasts utilized in the CECL model and expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as of September 30, 2020. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we also recorded an $441 thousand benefit for unfunded commitments, which was also primarily attributable to improving Texas economic forecasts utilized in the unfunded commitments loss rates slightly offset by higher unfunded balances. In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded an $8.1 million provision for unfunded commitments, which was attributable to the change in the economic forecasts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of LHI, excluding MW and PPP loans, was 1.42%, 1.59% and 2.10% of total loans at September 30, 2021, June 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

Noninterest Income

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of noninterest income:


	For the
	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
	(In thousands)
Noninterest income:
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	11,960	$	9,732	$	2,228
Loan fees	4,910		5,027		(117)
(Loss) gain on sales of securities	(188)		2,871		(3,059)
Gain on sales of mortgage loans held for sale	1,299		922		377
Government guaranteed loan income, net	12,337		13,702		(1,365)

Equity method investment income	4,522		—		4,522
Other	7,415		6,078		1,337
Total noninterest income	$	42,255	$	38,332	$	3,923

Noninterest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased $4.0 million, or 10.2%, to $42.3 million compared to noninterest income of $38.3 million for the same period in 2020. The primary drivers of the increase were as follows:

Service charges and fees on deposit accounts. We earn service charges and fees from our customers for deposit-related activities. The income from these deposit activities constitutes a significant and predictable component of our noninterest income. Service charges and fees on deposit accounts were $12.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $2.2 million over the same period in 2020. This increase was primarily due to a $2.2 million increase in service and analysis charges resulting from additional deposit accounts being serviced for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

(Loss) gain on sales of securities. Sales of securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 resulted in a loss recognized of $188 thousand compared to gains of $2.9 million for the same period in 2020 primarily due a decrease in the volume of security sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to same period in 2020 and a decrease in market interest rates below coupon rates for securities sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Government guaranteed loan income, net. Government guaranteed loan income, net, includes noninterest income earned on PPP loans as well as income related to the sales of SBA loans. The decrease in government guaranteed loan income, net, of $1.4 million was driven by a $5.1 million decrease in fee income earned on PPP loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared the same period in 2020, partially offset by a $4.0 million increase in the change in fair value of PPP loans held at fair value and a $1.0 million increase in valuation of loans held for sale during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Equity method investment income. Equity method investment income is comprised of income earned on equity method investments, specifically our 49% investment in Thrive. The income from these investments was $4.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. There was no income from equity method investments for the same period in 2020.

Other noninterest income. Other noninterest income increased $1.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020. The increase was primarily driven by an increase of $790 thousand in insurance income and an increase of $732 thousand in equity securities. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in rental revenue of $234 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

Noninterest Expense

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the major categories of noninterest expense:


	For the
	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
	(In thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	69,347	$	59,442	$	9,905
Non-staff expenses:
Occupancy and equipment	12,865		12,247		618
Professional and regulatory fees	9,928		8,151		1,777
Data processing and software expense	7,349		6,975		374
Marketing	3,901		2,706		1,195
Amortization of intangibles	7,563		8,232		(669)
Telephone and communications	1,054		972		82

COVID expenses	—		1,377		(1,377)
Other	10,628		11,912		(1,284)
Total noninterest expense	$	122,635	$	112,014	$	10,621

Noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased $10.6 million, or 9.5%, to $122.6 million compared to noninterest expense of $112.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The most significant components of the increase were as follows:

Salaries and employee benefits. Salaries and employee benefits include payroll expense, the cost of incentive compensation, benefit plans, health insurance and payroll taxes. These expenses are impacted by the amount of direct loan origination costs, which are required to be deferred in accordance with ASC 310-20 (formerly FAS91). Salaries and employee benefits were $69.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $9.9 million, or 16.7%, compared to the same period in 2020. The increase was primarily attributable to a $5.3 million increase in accrued employee bonus, a $3.7 million increase in salaries as a result of increased head count and merit increases, a $1.9 million increase in employee stock based compensation, a $1.7 million increase in lender incentive, a $714 thousand increase in employee benefit costs and a $523 thousand increase in payroll taxes during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was partially offset by an increase of $3.9 million in direct loan origination costs, which are required to be deferred in accordance with ASC 310-20.

Professional and regulatory fees. This category includes legal, professional, audit, regulatory, and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) assessment fees. Professional and regulatory fees were $9.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $8.2 million for the same period in 2020, an increase of $1.8 million. The increase was primarily due to FDIC assessment fees, which were $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $2.0 million for the same period in 2020 driven by an increase in average assets, total equity and FDIC assessment rates.

Marketing. This category of expenses includes expenses related to advertising and promotions, which increased $1.2 million, primarily related to an increase in annual sponsorship fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

COVID expenses. This category of expenses includes expenses related to the COVID-19 pandemic. There were no COVID-19 pandemic related expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily related to PPP incentive compensation of $500 thousand, Community Reinvestment Act related donations of $406 thousand, employee salaries of $273 thousand and increased janitorial expenses of $22 thousand.

Other noninterest expense. This category includes loan operations and collections, supplies and printing, automatic teller and online expenses and other miscellaneous expenses. Other noninterest expense was $10.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $11.9 million for the same period in 2020, a decrease of $1.3 million, or 10.8%. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in bank service charges resulting from pre-payment fees on FHLB advances paid off early of $1.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 with no corresponding expense during the same period in 2021.

Income Tax Expense

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, income tax expense totaled $26.0 million, an increase of $16.5 million, or 173.9%, compared to an income tax expense of $9.5 million for the same period in 2020.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.0%. The Company had a net discrete tax expense of $104 thousand. This discrete tax expense related to a true-up of a deferred tax liability of $426 thousand, partially offset by $322 thousand of an excess tax benefit realized on share-based payment awards during nine months ended September 30, 2021. Excluding these discrete tax items, the Company had an effective tax rate of 20.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had an effective tax rate of 15.7%. The decrease in the effective tax rate was driven by a net discrete tax benefit of $1.8 million as a result of the Company amending a prior year Green Bancorp, Inc. (“Green”)tax return to carry back a net operating loss ("NOL") incurred by Green on January 1, 2019 and a net discrete tax benefit of $1.4 million primarily associated with the recognition of excess tax benefit realized on share-based payment awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Excluding these discrete tax items, the Company had an effective tax rate of 21.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Financial Condition

Our total assets increased $751.4 million, or 8.5%, from $8.8 billion as of December 31, 2020 to $9.6 billion as of September 30, 2021. Our asset growth was due to the continued execution of our strategy to establish deep relationships in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area. We believe these relationships will continue to bring in new customer accounts and grow balances from existing loan and deposit customers.

Loan Portfolio

Our primary source of income is interest on loans to individuals, professionals, small to medium-sized businesses and commercial companies located in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and Houston metropolitan area. Our loan portfolio consists primarily of commercial loans and real estate loans secured by commercial real estate ("CRE") properties located in our primary market areas. Our loan portfolio represents the highest yielding component of our interest-earning asset base.

As of September 30, 2021, total LHI, excluding ACL, was $7.4 billion, an increase of $583.3 million, or 8.6%, compared to $6.8 billion as of December 31, 2020. The increase was the result of the continued execution and success of our loan growth strategy. In addition to these amounts, $18.9 million and $21.4 million in loans were classified as held for sale as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Total LHI, excluding MW and PPP loans, as a percentage of deposits were 92.2% and 89.8% as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Total LHI, excluding MW and PPP loans, as a percentage of assets were 69.1% and 66.3% as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The following table summarizes our loan portfolio by type of loan as of the dates indicated:


	As of September 30,				As of December 31,
	2021				2020
	Total		Percent		Total		Percent
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	1,793,740	24.8	%	$	1,559,546	24.3	%
MW	615,045		8.5		577,594		9.0
Real estate:
Owner Occupied CRE (“OOCRE”)	711,476		9.8		717,472		11.1
Non-owner Occupied CRE (“NOOCRE”)	2,194,438		30.3		1,904,132		29.6
Construction and land	936,174		12.9		693,030		10.8
Farmland	73,550		1.0		13,844		0.2
1-4 family residential	543,518		7.5		524,344		8.2
Multifamily	356,885		4.9		424,962		6.6
Consumer	14,266		0.2		13,000		0.3
Total LHI carried at amortized cost1	$	7,239,092	100.0	%	$	6,427,924	100.0	%

Held for investment PPP loans, carried at fair value	$	135,842	100.0	%	$	358,042	100.0	%

Total loans held for sale	$	18,896	100.0	%	$	21,414	100.0	%

1 Total LHI, carried at amortized cost, excludes $8.1 million and $2.5 million of deferred loan fees, net, as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Nonperforming Assets

The following table presents information regarding nonperforming assets at the dates indicated:


	As of September 30,			As of December 31,
	2021			2020
	(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans(1)	$	72,317		$	81,096
Accruing loans 90 or more days past due	1,711			4,204
Total nonperforming loans	74,028			85,300
Other real estate owned:

Commercial real estate	—			2,337

Total other real estate owned	—			2,337
Total nonperforming assets	$	74,028		$	87,637
Troubled debt restructured loans—nonaccrual	22,232			23,225
Troubled debt restructured loans—accruing	5,856			5,932
Ratio of nonperforming loans to total LHI	1.12		%	1.46		%
Ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets	0.77		%	0.99		%

(1) At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, nonaccrual loans included purchased credit deteriorated (“ PCD”) loans of $12,295 and $1,508 not accounted for on a pooled basis.

The following table presents information regarding nonaccrual loans by category as of the dates indicated:


	As of September 30,		As of December 31,
	2021		2020
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	20,411	$	29,318
Mortgage warehouse	—		—
Real estate:
OOCRE	16,890		6,266
NOOCRE	31,630		40,830
Construction and land	1,185		—

1-4 family residential	998		3,308

Consumer	1,203		1,374
Total	$	72,317	$	81,096

Potential Problem Loans

The following tables summarize our internal ratings of our loans as of the dates indicated.


	September 30, 2021
	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		PCD		Total
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	930,673	$	1,890	$	1,185	$	2,426	$	936,174
Farmland	73,550		—		—		—		73,550
1 - 4 family residential	538,368		360		3,584		1,206		543,518
Multi-family residential	335,593		21,292		—		—		356,885
OOCRE	613,589		29,283		39,848		28,756		711,476
NOOCRE	1,988,946		89,488		90,165		25,839		2,194,438
Commercial	1,689,423		33,279		60,342		10,696		1,793,740
MW	613,727		—		1,318		—		615,045
Consumer	12,714		98		1,273		181		14,266
Total	$	6,796,583	$	175,690	$	197,715	$	69,104	$	7,239,092


	December 31, 2020
	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		PCD		Total
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	687,169	$	2,666	$	510	$	2,685	$	693,030
Farmland	13,844		—		—		—		13,844
1 - 4 family residential	511,191		2,678		1,734		8,741		524,344
Multi-family residential	412,282		12,680		—		—		424,962
OOCRE	595,598		44,560		39,323		37,991		717,472
NOOCRE	1,650,917		153,090		56,949		43,176		1,904,132
Commercial	1,406,766		56,060		77,260		19,460		1,559,546
MW	577,594		—		—		—		577,594
Consumer	11,357		252		1,189		202		13,000
Total	$	5,866,718	$	271,986	$	176,965	$	112,255	$	6,427,924

ACL on LHI

We maintain an ACL that represents management’s best estimate of the credit losses and risks inherent in the loan portfolio. In determining the ACL, we estimate losses on specific loans, or groups of loans, where the probable loss can be identified and reasonably determined. The balance of the ACL is based on internally assigned risk classifications of loans, historical loan loss rates, changes in the nature of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality, industry concentrations, delinquency trends, current economic factors and the estimated impact of current economic conditions on certain historical loan loss rates.

The following table presents, as of and for the periods indicated, an analysis of the ACL and other related data:


	As of				As of
	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
			Percent				Percent
	Amount		of Total		Amount		of Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
Real estate:
Construction and land	$	7,011	7.5	%	$	7,768	7.4	%
Farmland	236		0.2		56		0.1
1 - 4 family residential	6,519		7.0		8,148		7.8
Multi-family residential	3,663		3.9		6,231		5.9
OOCRE	10,988		11.7		9,719		9.2
NOOCRE	37,304		39.8		35,237		33.5
Total real estate	$	65,721	70.1	%	$	67,159	63.9	%
Commercial	27,824		29.7		37,554		35.7
Consumer	226		0.2		371		0.4
Total ACL	$	93,771	100.0	%	$	105,084	100.0	%

The ACL decreased $11.3 million to $93.8 million as of September 30, 2021 from $105.1 million as of December 31, 2020. The decrease in the ACL compared to December 31, 2020 was primarily attributable to net charge-offs of $11.3 million that were fully reserved against in previous periods and changes in projected Texas economic forecasts using our CECL model which resulted in no calculated required provision for credit losses as of September 30, 2021 partially offset by increases in reserves for net loan growth and increases in specific reserves on certain nonaccrual loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

The following table presents, as of and for the periods indicated, an analysis of the ACL and other related data:


	Nine Months Ended			Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021			September 30, 2020
	(Dollars in thousands)
Average loans outstanding, excluding PPP loans(1)	$	6,596,199		$	6,055,359
Amortized costs of loans outstanding at end of period, excluding MW and PPP loans(1)	6,615,905			5,847,862
Amortized costs of loans outstanding at end of period, excluding PPP loans(1)	7,230,950			5,789,293
ACL at beginning of period	105,084			29,834
Impact of adopting ASC 326	—			39,137
Provision for credit losses	—			56,640
Charge-offs:
Real estate:

Residential	(367)			—
OOCRE	(1,502)			(2,421)

Commercial	(11,474)			(1,808)
Consumer	(55)			(136)
Total charge-offs	(13,398)			(4,365)
Recoveries:
Real estate:

Residential	52			8
OOCRE	500			—

Commercial	1,481			50
Consumer	52			287
Total recoveries	2,085			345
Net charge-offs	(11,313)			(4,020)
ACL at end of period	$	93,771		$	121,591
Ratio of ACL to end of period loans excluding MW and PPP loans	1.42		%	2.01		%
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans	0.19		%	0.07		%

(1)Excludes loans held for sale.

Although we believe that we have established our ACL in accordance with GAAP and that the ACL was adequate to provide for known and inherent losses in the portfolio at all times shown above, future provisions will be subject to ongoing evaluations of the risks in our loan portfolio. If we experience economic declines or if asset quality deteriorates, material additional provisions could be required.

Equity Securities

As of September 30, 2021, we held equity securities with a readily determinable fair value of $11.1 million compared to $11.4 million as of December 31, 2020. These equity securities primarily represent investments in a publicly traded Community Reinvestment Act fund and are subject to market pricing volatility, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings.

The Company held equity securities without a readily determinable fair values and measured at cost of $4.1 million and $3.6 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company measures equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer.

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

As of September 30, 2021, we held securities purchased under agreements to resell of $103.7 million and we recognized interest income of $227 thousand during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. We had no securities purchased under agreements to resell as of or during the year ended December 31, 2020. Securities purchased under agreements to resell typically mature 30 days from the settlement date, qualify as a secured borrowing and are measured at amortized cost.

FHLB Stock and FRB Stock

As of September 30, 2021, we held FHLB stock and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) stock of $71.8 million compared to $71.2 million as of December 31, 2020. The Bank is a member of its regional FRB and of the FHLB system. Federal Reserve System member banks are required to hold a percentage of their capital as stock in their regional FRB. FHLB members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. Both FRB and FHLB stock are carried at cost, restricted for sale, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.

Debt Securities

We use our debt securities portfolio to provide a source of liquidity, provide an appropriate return on funds invested, manage interest rate risk, meet collateral requirements and meet regulatory capital requirements. As of September 30, 2021, the carrying amount of debt securities totaled $1.1 billion, an increase of $48.5 million, or 4.6%, compared to $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to purchases of debt securities of $210.5 million, partially offset by maturities, calls, and paydowns of $130.4 million. Debt securities represented 11.5% and 12.0% of total assets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

All of our mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are issued and/or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored entities. We do not hold any Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac preferred stock, corporate equity, collateralized debt obligations, structured investment vehicles, private label collateralized mortgage obligations, subprime, Alt-A, or second lien elements in our investment portfolio. As of September 30, 2021, our investment portfolio did not contain any securities that are directly backed by subprime or Alt-A mortgages.

Management evaluates available for sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions to determine whether the impairment is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. Consideration is given to (1) the extent to which the fair value is less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. As of September 30, 2021, management believes that available for sale securities in a unrealized loss position are due to noncredit-related factors, including changes in interest rates and other market conditions, and therefore no ACL have been recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company also recorded no ACL for its held to maturity debt securities as of September 30, 2021.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we did not own securities of any one issuer other than U.S. government agency securities for which aggregate cost exceeded 10.0% of our stockholders’ equity as of such respective dates.

Equity Method Investments

On July 16, 2021, the Bank completed an investment to acquire a 49% interest in Thrive Mortgage, LLC (“Thrive”) for $54.9 million in cash and obtained the right to designate a member to Thrive’s board of directors. As a result of the investment, we have a $35.8 million basis difference which is being accounted for as equity method goodwill.

We had $59.4 million in equity method investments as of September 30, 2021 and reported $4.5 million of income resulting from these investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 which represents our proportionate share of our investee’s income.

Deposits

Total deposits as of September 30, 2021 were $7.2 billion, an increase of $665.9 million, or 10.2%, compared to $6.5 billion as of December 31, 2020. The increase from December 31, 2020 was primarily the result of increases of $269.9 million in interest-bearing transaction and savings deposits, $190.2 million in certificates and other time deposits, and $205.8 million in noninterest-bearing demand deposits.

Borrowings

We utilize short-term and long-term borrowings to supplement deposits to fund our lending and investment activities, each of which is discussed below.

FHLB Advances

The FHLB allows us to borrow on a blanket floating lien status collateralized by certain securities and loans. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, total borrowing capacity of $657.7 million and $766.4 million, respectively, was available under this arrangement and $777.6 million and $777.7 million, respectively, was outstanding with a weighted average interest rate of 0.94% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 1.04% for the year ended December 31, 2020. The FHLB has also issued standby letters of credit to the Company for $1.2 billion and $567.9 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Our current FHLB advances mature within 14 years. Other than FHLB borrowings, we had no other short-term borrowings at the dates indicated.

Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.

The FRB of Dallas has an available borrower in custody arrangement, which allows us to borrow on a collateralized basis. Certain securities and commercial and consumer loans are pledged under this arrangement. We maintain this borrowing arrangement to meet liquidity needs pursuant to our contingency funding plan. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, $870.8 million and $871.5 million, respectively, was available under this arrangement based on collateral values of pledged commercial and consumer loans. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, no borrowings were outstanding under this arrangement.

Junior subordinated debentures and subordinated notes

The table below details our junior subordinated debentures and subordinated notes. Refer to Note 14, “Borrowed Funds” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for further discussion on the details of our junior subordinated debentures and subordinated notes.


	September 30, 2021
	Balance		Rate
	(Dollars in thousands)
Junior subordinated debentures:
Parkway National Capital Trust I	$	3,093	1.97%
SovDallas Capital Trust I	8,609		4.14%
Patriot Bancshares Capital Trust I	5,155		1.98%
Patriot Bancshares Capital Trust II	17,011		1.92%
	33,868
Discount on junior subordinated debentures	(3,458)
Total junior subordinated debentures	$	30,410

Subordinated notes:
8.50% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes	$	35,000	8.50%
4.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes	75,000		4.75%
4.125% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes	125,000		4.13%
	235,000
Net debt issuance costs and premium on subordinated notes	(2,649)
Total subordinated notes	$	232,351

Total subordinated debentures and subordinated notes	$	262,761

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Liquidity management involves our ability to raise funds to support asset growth and acquisitions or reduce assets to meet deposit withdrawals and other payment obligations, to maintain reserve requirements and otherwise to operate on an ongoing basis and manage unexpected events. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020, our liquidity needs were primarily met by core deposits, wholesale borrowings, security and loan maturities and amortizing investment and loan portfolios. Use of brokered deposits, purchased funds from correspondent banks and overnight advances from the FHLB and the FRB are available and have been utilized to take advantage of the cost of these funding sources. We maintained five lines of credit with commercial banks that provide for extensions of credit with an availability to borrow up to an aggregate of $175.0 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. There were no advances under these lines of credit outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The following table illustrates, during the periods presented, the mix of our funding sources and the average assets in which those funds are invested as a percentage of our average total assets for the period indicated. Average assets totaled $9.2 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and $8.5 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020.


	For the		For the
	Nine Months Ended		Year Ended
	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Sources of Funds:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	23.9	%	21.4	%
Interest-bearing	34.1		32.0
Certificates and other time deposits	16.4		18.2
Advances from FHLB	8.4		12.0
Other borrowings	2.9		2.0
Other liabilities	0.7		0.7
Stockholders’ equity	13.6		13.7
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%
Uses of Funds:
Loans	73.8	%	72.7	%
Debt securities	11.8		13.2
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks	4.4		1.2
Other noninterest-earning assets	10.0		12.9
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%
Average noninterest-bearing deposits to average deposits	32.1	%	29.9	%

Average loans, excluding PPP and MW, to average deposits	89.2	%	94.5	%

Our primary source of funds is deposits, and our primary use of funds is loans. We do not expect a change in the primary source or use of our funds in the foreseeable future. Our average LHI increased 13.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. We invest excess deposits in interest-bearing deposits at other banks, the FRB of Dallas or liquid investments securities until these monies are needed to fund loan growth.

As of September 30, 2021, we had $3.7 billion in outstanding commitments to extend credit, $659.3 million in unconditionally cancellable MW commitments and $65.8 million in commitments associated with outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit. As of December 31, 2020, we had $2.7 billion in outstanding commitments to extend credit, $354.6 million in MW commitments and $44.4 million in commitments associated with outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit. Since commitments associated with letters of credit and commitments to extend credit may expire unused, the total outstanding may not necessarily reflect the actual future cash funding requirements.

As of September 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $229.7 million compared to $230.8 million as of December 31, 2020.

Analysis of Cash Flows


	For the		For the
	Nine Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2020
	(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	190,047	$	93,886
Net cash used in investing activities	(818,736)		(870,218)
Net cash provided by financing activities	627,576		653,549
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(1,113)	$	(122,783)

Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net cash provided by operating activities increased by $96.2 million when compared to the same period in 2020. The increase in cash from operating activities was primarily related to the $21.3 million decrease in originations of loans held for sale and cash received for the termination of derivatives designated as hedging instruments of $43.9 million.

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net cash used in investing activities decreased by $51.5 million when compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease in cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to a $308.3 million decrease in purchases of available for sale debt securities and a $250.2 million decrease in originations of net loans held for investment. This decrease was partially offset by a $210.3 million decrease for proceeds from maturities, calls and pay downs of available for sale debt securities and a $103.7 million increase in securities purchased under agreements to resell.

Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net cash provided by financing activities decreased by $26.0 million when compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease in cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributable to a $405.0 million decrease in advances from the FHLB. This decrease was partially offset by a $337.0 million increase in deposits and a decrease in treasury stock repurchases of $34.0 million.

As of the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we had no exposure to future cash requirements associated with known uncertainties or capital expenditures of a material nature.

Share Repurchases

On January 28, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors (the “Board”) originally authorized a stock buyback program (the "Stock Buyback Program") pursuant to which the Company could, from time to time, purchase up to $50,000 of its outstanding common stock in the aggregate. The Board authorized increases of $50,000 on September 3, 2019, $75,000 on December 12, 2019, and $75,000 on September 14, 2021 resulting in an aggregate authorization to purchase up to $250,000 under the Stock Buyback Program. The Board also authorized an extension of the original expiration date of the Stock Buyback Program from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022. The shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time, depending upon market conditions and other factors, and in accordance with applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Stock Buyback Program does not obligate the Company to purchase any share and the program may be terminated or amended by the Board at any time prior to its expiration.

Share repurchases during the periods ended are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Number of shares repurchased	328,122		—		475,744		2,002,211
Weighted average price per share	$	34.85	$	—	$	32.36	$	24.78

Capital Resources

Total stockholders’ equity increased to $1.28 billion as of September 30, 2021, compared to $1.20 billion as of December 31, 2020, an increase of $80.8 million, or 6.7%. The increase from December 31, 2020 to September 30, 2021 was primarily the result of $98.1 million of net income recognized, $7.8 million in stock based compensation, a $4.1 million increase due to the exercise of employee stock options, and an increase of $13.4 million in other comprehensive income, each recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was partially offset by $26.7 million in dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and $15.5 million of stock buybacks during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

By comparison, total stockholders’ equity decreased to $1.19 billion as of September 30, 2020, compared to $1.19 billion as of December 31, 2019, a decrease of $5.5 million, or 0.5%. The decrease was primarily the result of $49.6 million in stock buybacks, $25.8 million in dividends declared and paid and a $15.5 million increase in ACL attributable to the CECL transition during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. These decreases were partially offset by $51.1 million net income recognized and an increase of $28.1 million in other comprehensive income recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Capital management consists of providing equity to support our current and future operations. Our regulators view capital levels as important indicators of an institution’s financial soundness. As a general matter, FDIC-insured depository institutions and their holding companies are required to maintain minimum capital relative to the amount and types of assets they hold. We are subject to regulatory capital requirements at the bank holding company and bank levels. See Note 12 – “Capital Requirements and Restrictions on Retained Earnings” in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional discussion regarding the regulatory capital requirements applicable to us and the Bank. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we and the Bank were in compliance with all applicable regulatory capital requirements, and the Bank was classified as “well capitalized” for purposes of the prompt corrective action regulations. As we employ our capital and continue to grow our operations, our regulatory capital levels may decrease depending on our level of earnings. However, we expect to monitor and control our growth in order to remain in compliance with all regulatory capital standards applicable to us.

The following table presents the actual capital amounts and regulatory capital ratios for us and the Bank as of the dates indicated.


	As of September 30,				As of December 31,
	2021				2020
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
	(Dollars in thousands)
Veritex Holdings, Inc.
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	1,160,589	12.31	%	$	1,099,031	13.57	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)	854,393		9.06		782,487		9.66
Common equity tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)	825,001		8.75		753,261		9.30
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)	854,393		9.54		782,487		9.43
Veritex Community Bank
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	1,068,655	11.34	%	$	968,481	11.96	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)	994,810		10.56		884,471		10.92
Common equity tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)	994,810		10.56		884,471		10.92
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)	994,810		11.12		884,471		10.66

Contractual Obligations

In the ordinary course of the Company’s operations, the Company enters into certain contractual obligations, such as our non-cancelable future operating leases, time deposits, future cash payments associated with our contractual obligations pursuant to our FHLB advances, junior subordinated debentures, subordinated debt, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and qualified affordable housing investments. The Company believes that it will be able to meet its contractual obligations as they come due through the maintenance of adequate cash levels. The Company expects to maintain adequate cash levels through profitability, loan and securities repayment and maturity activity and continued deposit gathering activities. The Company has in place various borrowing mechanisms for both short-term and long-term liquidity needs.

Other than normal changes in the ordinary course of business and changes discussed within “Financial Condition—Borrowings,” there have been no significant changes in the types of contractual obligations or amounts due as of September 30, 2021 since December 31, 2020 as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Off-Balance Sheet Items

In the normal course of business, we enter into various transactions which, in accordance with GAAP, are not included in our consolidated balance sheets. However, we have only limited off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenues, expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. We enter into these transactions to meet the financing needs of our customers. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby and commercial letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s commitments to extend credit, MW commitments and outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit were $3.7 billion, $659.3 million and $65.8 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2021. Since commitments associated with letters of credit and commitments to extend credit may expire unused, the amounts shown do not necessarily reflect the actual future cash funding requirements. The Company manages its liquidity in light of the aggregate amounts of commitments to extend credit and outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit in effect from time to time to ensure that the Company will have adequate sources of liquidity to fund such commitments and honor drafts under such letters of credit.

Commitments to Extend Credit

The Company enters into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of the Company’s commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding. The Company minimizes its exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures.

MW Commitments

Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit

Standby and commercial letters of credit are written conditional commitments that the Company issues to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, the Company would be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, the customer is obligated to reimburse the Company for the amount paid under this standby and commercial letter of credit.

Impact of Inflation

Our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere herein have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. These require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative value of money over time due to inflation or recession.

Unlike many industrial companies, substantially all of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on our performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates may not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the prices of goods and services. However, other operating expenses do reflect general levels of inflation.

Subsequent Events

On November 1, 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of NAC, which was announced on September 21, 2021. Under the terms of the definitive agreement for the acquisition, the Bank paid $57.5 million in cash to existing shareholders of NAC. Three years after the completion of the transaction, existing shareholders of NAC as of the date of the acquisition have the right, subject to adjustment, to receive an additional $5 million in cash subject to certain performance measures. NAC will continue to operate under its current name and brand and in its current office space, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Bank.

LIBOR Transition

On March 5, 2021, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) , confirmed that the publication of most LIBOR term rates will end on June 30, 2023. The federal banking agencies have encouraged banks to transition away from LIBOR as soon as practicable but no later than December 31, 2021. Given LIBOR’s extensive use across financial markets, the transition away from LIBOR presents various risks and challenges to financial markets and institutions, including to the Company. The Company’s commercial and consumer businesses issue, trade and hold various products that are currently indexed to LIBOR. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had approximately $1.31 billion of loans indexed to LIBOR that mature after June 30, 2023. The Company’s products that are indexed to LIBOR are significant, and if not sufficiently planned for, the discontinuation of LIBOR could result in financial, operational, legal, reputational or compliance risks to the Company.

The Alternative Reference Rates Committee (“ARRC”) has proposed the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its preferred rate as an alternative to LIBOR. In 2019 and 2020, the ARRC released final recommended fallback contract language for new issuances of LIBOR indexed bilateral business loans, syndicated loans, floating rate notes, securitizations, and adjustable rate mortgage loans and private student loans. On April 6, 2021, New York Governor Cuomo signed into law legislation that provides for the substitution of SOFR as an alternative reference rate in any LIBOR-based contract governed by New York state law that does not include clear fallback language, once LIBOR is discontinued. The ARRC also has published other recommendations relating to the spread adjustment between LIBOR and SOFR and other transition matters. The International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. has announced a protocol for the transition of derivative instruments away from LIBOR.

Due to the uncertainty surrounding the future of LIBOR, it is expected that the transition will span several reporting periods through at least the end of 2021. One of the major identified risks is inadequate fallback language in various existing instruments’ contracts that may result in issues establishing the alternative index and adjusting the margin as applicable. The Company continues to monitor this activity and evaluate the related risks to its business.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our accounting policies are fundamental to understanding our management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition. We have identified certain significant accounting policies which involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity in making certain estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. The significant accounting policies which we believe to be the most critical in preparing our consolidated financial statements relate to loans and ACL, business combinations, debt securities and goodwill. Since December 31, 2020, there have been no changes in critical accounting policies as described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, except for those updates discussed in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.

Special Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are based on various facts and derived utilizing assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, the expected payment date of our quarterly cash dividend, the integration of the businesses of the Company and NAC, the impact of certain changes in our accounting policies, standards and interpretations, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and actions taken in response thereto, our future financial performance, business and growth strategy, projected plans and objectives, as well as other projections based on macroeconomic and industry trends, which are inherently unreliable due to the multiple factors that impact broader economic and industry trends, and any such variations may be material. Statements preceded by, followed by or that otherwise include the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “projects,” “estimates,” “plans” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would,” “may” and “could” are generally forward-looking in nature and not historical facts, although not all forward-looking statements include the foregoing words. Further, certain important factors could affect future results and cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, that the businesses of the Company and NAC will not be integrated successfully, that the cost savings and any synergies from the proposed acquisition may not be fully realized or may take longer to realize than expected, disruption from the proposed acquisition making it more difficult to maintain relationships with employees, customers or other parties with whom the Company or NAC have business relationships, diversion of management time on acquisition-related issues, the reaction to the transaction of the companies’ customers, employees and counterparties and other factors, many of which are beyond the control of the Company and NAC. You should understand that the following important factors could affect our future results and cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements:

•risks related to the concentration of our business in Texas, and specifically within the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area, including risks associated with any downturn in the real estate sector and risks associated with a decline in the values of single family homes in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and the Houston metropolitan area;

•uncertain market conditions and economic trends nationally, regionally and particularly in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex, Houston metropolitan area and Texas, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;

•risks related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including variants thereof such as the delta variant, on our business and operations, even as a vaccine becomes widely available, and considering the potential of resurgences or additional waves of infection;

•possible additional loan losses and impairment of the collectability of loans, particularly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the programs implemented by the CARES Act, including its automatic loan forbearance provisions, and our PPP lending activities;

•the effects of regional or national civil unrest;

•changes in market interest rates that affect the pricing of our loans and deposits and our net interest income;

•risks related to our strategic focus on lending to small to medium-sized businesses;

•the sufficiency of the assumptions and estimates we make in establishing reserves for potential loan losses;

•our ability to implement our growth strategy, including identifying and consummating suitable acquisitions;

•our ability to recruit and retain successful bankers that meet our expectations in terms of customer relationships and profitability;

•changes in our accounting policies, standards and interpretations;

•our ability to retain executive officers and key employees and their customer and community relationships;

•risks associated with our CRE and construction loan portfolios, including the risks inherent in the valuation of the collateral securing such loans;

•risks associated with our commercial loan portfolio, including the risk of deterioration in value of the general business assets that generally secure such loans;

•our level of nonperforming assets and the costs associated with resolving problem loans, if any, and complying with government-imposed foreclosure moratoriums;

•potential changes in the prices, values and sales volumes of commercial and residential real estate securing our real estate loans;

•risks related to the significant amount of credit that we have extended to a limited number of borrowers and in a limited geographic area;

•our ability to maintain adequate liquidity (including with respect to the effect of the transition to the CECL methodology for allowances and related adjustments) and to raise necessary capital to fund our acquisition strategy and operations or to meet increased minimum regulatory capital levels;

•potential fluctuations in the market value and liquidity of our debt securities;

•the effects of competition from a wide variety of local, regional, national and other providers of financial, investment and insurance services;

•our ability to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting;

•risks associated with fraudulent and negligent acts by our customers, employees or vendors;

•our ability to keep pace with technological change or difficulties when implementing new technologies;

•risks associated with difficulties and/or terminations with third-party service providers and the services they provide;

•risks associated with unauthorized access, cyber-crime and other threats to data security;

•potential impairment on the goodwill we have recorded or may record in connection with business acquisitions;

•our ability to comply with various governmental and regulatory requirements applicable to financial institutions;

•the impact of recent and future legislative and regulatory changes, including changes in banking, securities and tax laws and regulations and their application by our regulators, and economic stimulus programs;

•uncertainty regarding the future of LIBOR and any replacement alternatives on our business;

•governmental monetary and fiscal policies, including the policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

•our ability to comply with supervisory actions by federal and state banking agencies;

•changes in the scope and cost of FDIC, insurance and other coverage; and

•systemic risks associated with the soundness of other financial institutions.

Other factors not identified above, including those described under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, as well as the information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, may also cause actual results to differ materially from those described in our forward-looking statements. Most of these factors are difficult to anticipate and are generally beyond our control. You should consider these factors in connection with considering any forward-looking statements that may be made by us. We undertake no obligation to release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statements, to report events or to report the occurrence of unanticipated events unless we are required to do so by law.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As a financial institution, our primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Our asset, liability and funds management policy provides management with the guidelines for effective funds management, and we have established a measurement system for monitoring our net interest rate sensitivity position. We manage our sensitivity position within our established guidelines.

Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact both the level of income and expense recorded on most of our assets and liabilities, and the market value of all interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, other than those which have a short term to maturity. Interest rate risk is the potential of economic losses due to future interest rate changes. These economic losses can be reflected as a loss of future net interest income and/or a loss of current fair market values. The objective is to measure the effect on net interest income and to adjust the balance sheet to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximizing income.

We manage our exposure to interest rates by structuring our balance sheet in the ordinary course of business. With exception of our cash flow hedges designated as a hedging instrument, we do not enter into instruments such as leveraged derivatives, interest rate swaps, financial options, financial future contracts or forward delivery contracts for the purpose of reducing interest rate risk. We enter into interest rate swaps, caps and collars as an accommodation to our customers in connection with our interest rate swap program. Based upon the nature of our operations, we are not subject to foreign exchange or commodity price risk. We do not own any trading assets.

Our exposure to interest rate risk is managed by the Asset-Liability Committee of the Bank in accordance with policies approved by its board of directors. The committee formulates strategies based on appropriate levels of interest rate risk. In determining the appropriate level of interest rate risk, the committee considers the impact on earnings and capital of the current outlook on interest rates, potential changes in interest rates, regional economies, liquidity, business strategies and other factors. The committee meets regularly to review, among other things, the sensitivity of assets and liabilities to interest rate changes, the book and market values of assets and liabilities, unrealized gains and losses, purchase and sale activities, commitments to originate loans and the maturities of investments and borrowings. Additionally, the committee reviews liquidity, cash flow flexibility, maturities of deposits and consumer and commercial deposit activity. Management employs methodologies to manage interest rate risk, which include an analysis of relationships between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and an interest rate shock simulation model.

We use an interest rate risk simulation model and shock analysis to test the interest rate sensitivity of net interest income and the balance sheet, respectively. Contractual maturities and repricing opportunities of loans are incorporated in the model as are prepayment assumptions, maturity data and call options within the investment portfolio.

We utilize static balance sheet rate shocks to estimate the potential impact on net interest income of changes in interest

rates under various rate scenarios. This analysis estimates a percentage of change in the metric from the stable rate base scenario versus alternative scenarios of rising and falling market interest rates by instantaneously shocking a static balance sheet. Internal policy regarding internal rate risk simulations currently specifies that for instantaneous parallel shifts of the yield curve, estimated net income at risk for the subsequent one-year period should not decline by more than 5.0% for a 100 basis point shift, 10.0% for a 200 basis point shift, and 15.0% for a 300 basis point shift.

The following table summarizes the simulated change in net interest income and fair value of equity over a 12-month horizon as of the dates indicated:


	As of September 30, 2021				As of December 31, 2020
	Percent Change		Percent Change		Percent Change		Percent Change
Change in Interest	in Net Interest		in Fair Value		in Net Interest		in Fair Value
Rates (Basis Points)	Income		of Equity		Income		of Equity
+ 300	15.29	%	11.78	%	18.91	%	29.38	%
+ 200	9.40	%	8.62	%	12.06	%	19.93	%
+ 100	3.73	%	4.76	%	5.37	%	9.64	%
Base	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%
−100	(1.26)	%	(9.68)	%	(1.77)	%	(10.87)	%

The results are primarily due to behavior of demand, money market and savings deposits during such rate fluctuations. We have found that, historically, interest rates on these deposits change more slowly than changes in the discount and federal funds rates. This assumption is incorporated into the simulation model and is generally not fully reflected in a gap analysis. The assumptions incorporated into the model are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the model cannot precisely measure future net interest income or precisely predict the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from the model’s simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and the application and timing of various strategies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures — As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management was required to apply judgment in evaluating its controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Report.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are from time to time subject to claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. These claims and litigation may include, among other things, allegations of violation of banking and other applicable regulations, competition law, labor laws and consumer protection laws, as well as claims or litigation relating to intellectual property, securities, breach of contract and tort. We intend to defend ourselves vigorously against any pending or future claims and litigation.

At this time, in the opinion of management, the likelihood is remote that the impact of such proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income, statements of changes in stockholders’ equity or statements of cash flows. However, one or more unfavorable outcomes in any claim or litigation against us could have a material adverse effect for the period in which they are resolved. In addition, regardless of their merits or their ultimate outcomes, such matters are costly, divert management’s attention and may materially adversely affect our reputation, even if resolved in our favor.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In evaluating an investment in our common stock, investors should consider carefully, among other things, the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, as well as the information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our other reports and registration statements filed with the SEC.

There has been no material change in the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On January 28, 2019, the Board originally authorized the Stock Buyback Program pursuant to which the Company could, from time to time, purchase up to $50,000 of its outstanding common stock in the aggregate. The Board authorized increases of $50,000 on September 3, 2019, $75,000 on December 12, 2019, and $75,000 on September 14, 2021 resulting in an aggregate authorization to purchase up to $250,000 under the Stock Buyback Program. The Board also authorized an extension of the original expiration date of the Stock Buyback Program from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022. The shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time, depending upon market conditions and other factors, and in accordance with applicable regulations of the SEC. The Stock Buyback Program does not obligate the Company to purchase any shares and the program may be terminated or amended by the Board at any time prior to its expiration.


	(a)	(b)		(c)	(d)
Period	Total number of shares purchased	Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Maximum number (or approximate dollar value) of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
July 1, 2021 - July 31, 2021	—	$	—	—	$	18,922,687
August 1, 2021 - August 31, 2021	186,632	34.66		186,632	12,453,569
September 1, 2021 - September 30, 2021	141,490	35.09		141,490	82,488,205
	328,122	$	34.85	328,122	$	82,488,205

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number						Description of Exhibit
31.1*						Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*						Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101*						The following materials from Veritex Holdings, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021, formatted in Inline XBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Cover Page, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (vi) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vii) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

______________________________

* Filed with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

** Furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



						VERITEX HOLDINGS, INC.
						(Registrant)





Date: November 5, 2021						/s/ C. Malcolm Holland, III
						C. Malcolm Holland, III
						Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
						(Principal Executive Officer)




Date: November 5, 2021						/s/ Terry S. Earley
						Terry S. Earley
						Chief Financial Officer
						(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Document

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, C. Malcolm Holland, III, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Veritex Holdings, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2021;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 5, 2021

/S/ C. Malcolm Holland, III

C. Malcolm Holland, III

Chairman of the Board & Chief Executive Officer

Document

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Terry S. Earley, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Veritex Holdings, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2021;

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 5, 2021

/S/ Terry S. Earley

Terry S. Earley

Chief Financial Officer

Document

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Veritex Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 (the “Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, C. Malcolm Holland, III, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ C. Malcolm Holland, III

C. Malcolm Holland, III

Chairman of the Board & Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 5, 2021

Document

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Veritex Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 (the “Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Terry S. Earley, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/S/ Terry S. Earley

Terry S. Earley

Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 5, 2021